Week 6 - Identity and Mass behaviour
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- Created on: 31-03-16 13:03
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- Week 6 - Identify and Mass Behaviour
- Shared assumption that in crowds people temporarily lose introspective and social self-awareness and self-control
- Le Bon - A study of the popular mind
- Paris Commune
- Crowds prone to rational and random violence
- Lose their individual moral = release primative insticts
- Crowds prone to rational and random violence
- Paris Commune
- Collective Group Mind
- Anonymity = sense of power and lack of concern for external laws
- Increased suggestability = easily swayed by leaders
- Myths spread via Contageon
- Increased suggestability = easily swayed by leaders
- Anonymity = sense of power and lack of concern for external laws
- Freud - Group psychology and the analysis of the ego
- Crowd members = No concious of their acts
- Temporarily regressing to a pre-adult stage of psychosocial development
- In groups we 'throw off the repression of the unconscious impulses'
- Temporarily regressing to a pre-adult stage of psychosocial development
- Crowd members = No concious of their acts
- Zimbardo - Deindividuation theory
- Presence of others in a crowd = phsyically arousing = sensory overload
- lose social awareness
- Temporary sense of anonymity leads to a state of psychological deindividuation
- Lowered self-monitoring
- Loss of cognitive control over emotions and behaviour
- Lowered self-monitoring
- Temporary sense of anonymity leads to a state of psychological deindividuation
- lose social awareness
- Presence of others in a crowd = phsyically arousing = sensory overload
- Zimbardo's experimental study of dishibiting effects of visual anonymity
- Female uni students
- Condition 1: Individuation = ppts wear their normal clothes and large name tags
- Condition 2; Deindividuation = ppts wear lab coats and hoods
- Observed a woman being interviewed
- Woman was either pleasant or obnoxious
- Had to help woman learn by giving electric shocks
- Findings
- Individuated
- Gave more shocks to obnoxious woman
- Deindividuated
- Same number of shocks to the pleasant and obnoxious woman
- Gave stronger shocks than those in condition 1
- Same number of shocks to the pleasant and obnoxious woman
- Conclusion
- Visual anonymity = deindividuation - less self control = uninhibited aggression
- Individuated
- Woman was either pleasant or obnoxious
- Observed a woman being interviewed
- Condition 2; Deindividuation = ppts wear lab coats and hoods
- Condition 1: Individuation = ppts wear their normal clothes and large name tags
- Female uni students
- Johnson and Downing
- Anti-social dress condition - KKK
- Pro-social dress condition - theatre nurses' uniform
- Ppts in KKK = more shocks than ppts in nurse uniform
- Pro-social dress condition - theatre nurses' uniform
- Anti-social dress condition - KKK
- Criticisms of previous approaches to crowd psychology
- Not based on actual analyses of crowd behavour
- reflect perspective of external observers not actual experience of crowd members
- Theories used to justify coercive action against crowds on the part of authorities
- Crowd behaviour = switch from personal to social identity
- Not random = in line with norms and values of the group in a particular context
- Crowd behaviour = regulated externally
- Not random = in line with norms and values of the group in a particular context
- Development of the violence - Poll Tax 'riot' - Stott and Drury (2000)
- Revision sheet
- Social Identity Theory - Four key principles for policing crowds
- Education
- Facilitation
- Communication
- Differentiation
- Target their tactics to distinguish between crowd members who are acting lawfully and those who arent
- Should always explain their actions to members of the crowd
- Differentiation
- Actively facilitate the lawful aims and intentions of crowd members
- Communication
- Police = not view crowds as undifferentiated mass
- Facilitation
- Education
- Dury, Novelli and Stott - Disaster Myths
- Mass panic likely
- People will act anti-socially
- Irrational fears will be spread by contagion
- Civil disorder is likely
- Collective behaviour in mass emergencies and disasters is typically adaptive w/ cooperation between people being common
- Collecitve resillence in mass emergences - Dury et al
- Personal resillience
- The individuals ability to withstand stress and adversity
- Collective resillence
- Collective self-help
- Collective ability to recover and function in the face of adversity
- Collective self-help
- Personal resillience
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