Learning and behaviour; Lecture 2

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Methodological Behaviourism means
We can study things like blinking or motor reactions
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A person blinks when a bee flies into their face, the stimulus in the circumstance is;
The bee
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A person blinks when a bee flies into their face, this is an example of;
S-R Theory
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Watson believed;
We are born with some basic emotional capacity and reflexes
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Which experimenter trained his daughters to become expert chess players?
Polgar
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Neobheaviourism;
Studies physiological processes and other internal events that can be measured to study behaviour
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What is satiation?
Prolonged exposure to a stimulus decreasing the appetitiveness
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What school of behaviourism did Edward Tolman found?
Cognitive
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Cognitive Behaviourism believed;
We have to view the mind and behaviour holistically rather than a summation of connected parts
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Tolman's most famous intervening variable was;
Cognitive map
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Tolman and Honzik (1930) found that;
Previously unrewarded rats would outperform rewarded rats on the maze task on a trial where both groups received rewards
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What is latent learning?
Learning that is not observable until a reward is present
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Which researcher modified their theories to counteract Tolman's findings?
Hull
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What is reciprocal determinism?
Environment, behaviour and individual differences all directly influencing each other
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You are an introverted person attending a party observing the action from afar. Someone waves you over to come talk to them, you reluctantly go and talk to them and stammer because of anxiousness. Banduras would describe this as;
The environmental stimulus of the wave, influences your feelings of anxiousness, that then affects your stuttering
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What does radical behaviourism say about internal events?
It rejects the use of internal events in explaining behaviour
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What was one of the problems Skinner had with internal events
It is difficult to determine whether they precede, follow or happen at the same time as the behaviour
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What is counter-control?
Deliberate manipulation of environmental events to change our behaviour
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According to Skinner, an S-R interpetation can best be applied;
To behaviour that can be classically conditioned
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Which statement is correct?
Independent variables are what we manipulate in an experiment
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A functional relationship is;
A cause/effect relationship between stimulus and response
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What is dreaming an example of?
Covert Behaviour
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What is saying hello an example of?
Overt Behaviour
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Thunder and lightning are close in...
Temporal Contiguity
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If a dog receives a dog biscuit only when it begs, then receiving the dog biscuit is _______ upon the behaviour of begging?
Contingent
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What does the rate of response involve?
Frequency of a response in a period of time in response to a stimulus
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We want to record the number of times a rat presses on a lever when given a reward. How can this be measured?
A cumulative recorder
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The force or magnitude of a behaviour is also known as;
Intensity
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A student may attempt to increase the time studying each week, affecting his exam result in the end. This can be measured by;
Duration
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Latency of a behaviour is;
The length of time for an behaviour to begin
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An advantage of interval recording is;
Not every response has to be recorded
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When one measures whether or not a behaviour occurs during each interval within series of discontinuous intervals, this is known as;
Time sampling recording
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What is the general minimum acceptable level of reliability?
80%
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What was Jane Goodall's systematic study of chimpanzee behaviour an example of?
Naturalistic Observation
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A 2x3 factorial design typically involves;
Two independent variables
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Control group designs that compare species are known as
Comparitive Designs
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In a Simple-comparison design the;
baseline condition is compared to a treatment condition
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In a reversal design the;
experiment involves repeated alternations between baseline and treatment period
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A person blinks when a bee flies into their face, the stimulus in the circumstance is;

Back

The bee

Card 3

Front

A person blinks when a bee flies into their face, this is an example of;

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Watson believed;

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which experimenter trained his daughters to become expert chess players?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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