Vietnam- introduction and US involvement
- Created by: Pancake28
- Created on: 13-03-17 17:38
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- Vietnam 1954-1975
- The French defeat at Dien Bien Phu
- Before WW2 Vietnam was apart of the French colony Indo-china--- French then were driven out by the Japanese
- Japanese were resisted by Vietnamese freedom fighters- Viet Minh
- At end of war Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam as an independent state- 1945
- French tried to reimpose colonial rule during cold war. Americans supported the French financially as Ho Chi Minh was known to be a communist
- In March 1954- Viet Minh defeated French army at Dien Bien Phu. Used Guerilla warfare. Were supported financially by China
- July 1954- Geneva agreement
- Granted Vietnam independence. Vietnam divided along 17th parallel. Communist North led by Ho Chi Minh, and a democratic south led by Diem.
- Diem had support from the US who saw him as someone who could stop communism.
- Ho Chi Minh, supported by China set up the NLF (Vietcong)
- ARVN could not defeat them so America supplied south Vietnam with military advisers and financial aid.
- USA refused to allow free elections because they were worried about a communist victory
- Ho Chi Minh, supported by China set up the NLF (Vietcong)
- Diem had support from the US who saw him as someone who could stop communism.
- Granted Vietnam independence. Vietnam divided along 17th parallel. Communist North led by Ho Chi Minh, and a democratic south led by Diem.
- July 1954- Geneva agreement
- In March 1954- Viet Minh defeated French army at Dien Bien Phu. Used Guerilla warfare. Were supported financially by China
- French tried to reimpose colonial rule during cold war. Americans supported the French financially as Ho Chi Minh was known to be a communist
- Before WW2 Vietnam was apart of the French colony Indo-china--- French then were driven out by the Japanese
- Why was Diem's government unpopular?
- US funded the Saigon military mission- advisers sent to Vietnam to train the ARVN in guerilla warfare
- 1963- Bhuddists demonstrated because they were discriminated against- ARVN attacked them with hand grenades. Thich Quang Duc a Bhuddist monk burned himself to death- lead to worldwide outcry
- Diem's government made up of rich Christian landowners who persecuted Bhuddist peasants. By 1963, most of South Vietnam's rural areas were controlled by the Vietcong
- Nov 1963- military coup and Diem was assassinated
- US policy and intervention following French defeat
- United States stepped in to fill the vacuum- increased military aid to South Vietnam and sent US military advisers
- Why did the USA get involved in Vietnam?
- Because French colonial rule collapsed and the French had been driven out
- Initially to support Diem's gov against a Buddhist uprising
- Truman doctrine- Domino effect- contain communism
- Realised Diem was an ineffective corrupt leader// feared South-East Asia might fall to communism.
- Vietnam important-- route between Europe and Far East. Rich in raw materials
- Once they had become involved the Americans had to keep escalating the war to try and defeat the Vietcong
- Gulf of Tonkin- August 1964.
- American warship USS Maddox claimed they had been attacked by North Vietnamese torpedo boats
- Government passed the Gulf of Tonkin resolution- allowed Lyndon B Johnson to take direct military action in retaliation without declaration of war by congress.
- American warship USS Maddox claimed they had been attacked by North Vietnamese torpedo boats
- February 1965- Vietcong attacked American air bases- American soldiers killed. President Johnson declared war against North Vietnam
- Describe how the US got involved in Vietnam.
- Containing communism in South Asia
- 3 billion financial aid to French 1949-54
- Supported Diem for leadership in 1954
- 1954- Set up Saigon military mission- military advisers sent to train ARVN
- Arranged assassination of Diem in 1963
- Domino theory. Johnson wanted excuse to go to war
- Gulf of Tonkin incident and resolution
- Untitled
- The French defeat at Dien Bien Phu
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