urbanisation and immigration america 19thC
- Created by: shannonboulton
- Created on: 07-05-19 14:25
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- urbanisation
- urbanisation and immigration
- immigration
- from europe/asia, was before northern and western but now southern and eastern so 'new imigrants groups moved to US' after 1870s
- obvious on coasts= come to settle with others who share same religion/ language, helps protect immigrants from shock of radical transformation that comes with moving to new country
- NY= 1890 80% population born overseas
- pull factors= america seen as land of opportunity, american industry thanks to big business, also needed cheap labour
- 1870s= 3M immigrants, 1880= 5M, 1890s= 3 1/2 despite great depression
- 20M in 40years
- Jews, Slavs, Russians, Czech's etc, bringing new language and religion
- after 1892 interrogated and given series of tests before can get in
- small fraction didnt get in, polticial threat or serious illness
- immigration
- rural to superpower by early 20thC
- 1860= 31.5M 1890= 63M population
- urbanisation made possible due to technology and expanding of industrialisation
- city expansion horizontal with things like street cars and trams
- some cities use planes
- developing steel industries= bridges, subways allows further expansion
- grid system, roads numbered from 1 upwards, city planners
- new cities= urban workers often little wealth, lots of people share small spaces
- population densities become unhealthy, un-livable, dangerous, limited sewage and ventilation, health and safety (no fire escapes)
- dumbell tenament= aim to provide ventilation/space between buildings but didnt realise oxygen spreads fire.. families of 12 would share 2 bedroom
- population densities become unhealthy, un-livable, dangerous, limited sewage and ventilation, health and safety (no fire escapes)
- growth of slums, city dwellers reliant on gov, problems created like sewage, firefighters etc
- rural come to city for push factors; to escape isolation and agricultural depression
- urbanisation and immigration
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