Unit 2 Citizenship
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- Created on: 21-03-16 11:04
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- Unit 2
- Section 1 (Concept and Nature of Power)
- Concept of Power, Authority, Influence, Democracy and Mandate
- Power
- The ability to achieve certain aims, politics uses it to govern
- Authority
- The ability to exercise power with legitimacy and justification
- Mandate
- The permission where citizens give the government authority
- Democracy
- A state ruled by people were the citizens vote for their government
- Influence
- Power
- The Power of the Modern State
- Derived from the people within it
- In the UK, the heart of the power lies on the Houses of Parliment
- Laws are created which population must follow
- Candidates elected by the citizens mist have their best interests in mind
- Laws are debated and agreed on
- To state can enforce these laws through a judiciary
- By doing this power is seperated
- Levels which make up the UK government
- Legislature- power to make laws parliament MP's, examine, debate and vote on bills
- Who holds political Power?
- In the UK there are 25 political parties
- 3 largest parties are Labour, Conservatives and Liberal Democrats
- Others have control over their local constituencies
- Party leaders are the most powerful an influential people
- When a party loses faith in people they are forced to resign
- Role of Multinational groups
- MNC- A company which act in 2 or more countries
- Enabled them to make a larger profit
- They employ 1,000's of people
- They can choose whether to operate in low Labour areas
- Impact wages, skills and the environment
- Some companies influence the government due to large amounts of money avaliable
- They can afford to fund campaigns
- Concept of Power, Authority, Influence, Democracy and Mandate
- Section 2 (Who has Economic Power in the UK)
- Concepts of Economic Power and Control
- Those with the most money have the most power and therefore in control
- The countries with most power are the most industrially developed and resource rich
- However more recently, wealth is based upon complex interrelations between states
- Economic power becomes more interdependent on the power of other states
- Economic Power and the State
- The UK government needs to fund public services so they place taxes on income, services and products
- The revenue from these taxes fund the treasury
- The fund pays for National Health Service (NHS)
- The government distributes it locally and regionally
- The local government then allocates the money to places where it is needed
- Role of the Bank England
- The Bank of England is responsible for keeping the economy and financial system stable
- It maintains the value of our money by setting interest rates to keep inflation levels low
- This ensures steady annual growth of the economy
- The value of money depends on prices we pay for goods and services
- Inflation is when prices increase generally therefore everything is more expensive
- To keep inflation levels under control, the Bank of England alter rates
- Globalization
- Countries are becoming more indpendent
- Many countries reply on each other to keep their economy stable and growing
- Trade is better and therefore there is improved transport and communication links
- Concepts of Economic Power and Control
- Section 3 Media
- Sources: Newspaper, Television, Radio, Internet & Magazines
- Regulating the Media
- The press are free to publish stories which are of interest to the general public
- If something that is false is reported, then we have the right to go to The Press Complaints Commission
- Section 4 The Nature of Government and it's impact on the lives of citizens
- Central Government- Parliament
- Ultimate Authority and Chief law and policy maker
- Local Government- responsible for a large local area
- Understand citizens needs and problems and equip the government to work better- a democracy
- Regional government
- England is separated into 9 regional assemblies with limited power. Only London has the right to vote for the Mayor
- Elected Majors
- The local government act 2,000 local areas the chance to re-organize their structure through having a directly elected Major
- Central Government- Parliament
- Section 6 Local Democracy
- The structure of government in the UK
- Different levels of government are funded in parts through income taxes, but some services are fully provided for the citizen
- Funding is allocated to hose areas where it is seen as fit
- National and Devolved government
- The central government passes on responsibilities to the Welsh, Scottish and Northern Ireland Governments
- National
- Income Tax
- Valued Added Tax
- Corporation Tax
- Devolved
- Grants from central government
- Ability to raise or decrease tax by 3%
- Regional
- Grants from central government
- Local
- Grants from central government
- Council Tax
- Non Domestic rate charge
- Other fee's
- The structure of government in the UK
- Section 7 What is the impact of the EU on the life in the UK
- What is the EU and what does it do?
- Brings security to Europe
- Reduces the chances of there ever being a repeat of WW2
- Boost economics of the countries in Europe
- Creates legislation
- European Community (EC)
- Customs union
- Agriculture
- Trade
- Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
- Foreign Policy
- Human Rights
- Battle Troops
- Police and Judiciary Cooperation in Criminal Matters (PJCC)
- Drug trafficking
- Weapons and Terrorism
- Institutions of the EU and their roles
- European Commission
- Propose new legislation
- Monitor the use of EU funds
- The council of the European Union
- Votes and debates on areas such as economic and finance
- Justice, employment, health & education
- European Parliment
- Amends and improves legislation
- Has the power to scrutinize and dismiss all of the European commissioners
- European Commission
- Power is shared in the EU between, citizens, national governments and EU as a collective
- What is the EU and what does it do?
- Section 1 (Concept and Nature of Power)
- Security Policy
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