Earthquake japan
- Created by: Sharon
- Created on: 30-12-15 12:10
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- Tohoku (Japan, March 2011)
- Tectonic setting
- 3 plates. Eurasian ,Pacific, Philippines. (pacific under Eurasian)
- Destructive margin, faults run off boundry
- island volcanic origin. 30% world quakes pa
- 7.2 2 days before. build up strain energy. tsunami consequence
- Magnitude
- Biggest ever recorded. 9.0. epicentre 70km east Oshika. Hypocentre 32km deep.
- Frequency
- 7 foreshocks, i1235 aftershocks many 7 and above. followed Omori law
- number and size deckines with time from largest event.
- 30% world quakes but this size rare.
- 7 foreshocks, i1235 aftershocks many 7 and above. followed Omori law
- Vulnerability
- High vulnerable, people live on coast, mountainous spine.
- Eastern seaboard (Honshu) (Fukushima power plant)
- Capacity to cope
- high capacity for both. 40% coastline has sea wall 10m high.
- hazard agency, prediction quakes and tsunami.
- detected quake and issued tv warnings just after p waves before bad s waves.
- tsunami oredict 3 minutes after 20 mins to get to safety - mobile network.
- buildings designed to cope move with waves
- Institutional capacity
- Emergency crews & army on site-readily trained (yearly) result of Tokyo 1923
- Huge GDP $34,000 2011 huge leeway for planning.
- Japanese Meteorological agency - 200 seismographs, 600 intensity metres, collects from 3,600
- issues info on hypocentre magnitude intensity -trigger for rescue.
- Impact
- tsunami most - 10km inland Honshu moved 2.4m east
- several nuclear incidents, 3 meltdowns, contamination sea,land evac of residents >20km
- death toll 15,854, 26,992 injured, 3,155 missing
- 130,00 buildings cillapsed, 700,000 damaged-roads railways and fires.
- 4.4m without electricity, 1.5m no water
- World bank - $235 billion most expensive natural disaster ever.
- Bank japan offered 15 trillion yen to normalize market. all ports closed 10% fishing damaged
- Immediate response
- many got outside, -response good for earthquake
- 20 minutes insufficient warning escape
- 340,000 displaced people needed catering shortage normal stuff
- government sent self defense forces
- Red cross $1B
- Long term responsse
- 6 days after motorway was repaired, response incredible
- Tectonic setting
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