IRA mindmap
- Created by: rhiannon
- Created on: 11-04-14 14:38
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- The IRA
- Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness
- Charismatic leaders
- Adams was elected to the Westminster Parliament.
- Aims
- To remove British troops from Northern Ireland
- Defend National communities
- Reunite Ireland
- Formed in 1916 to fight in rebellion against British control of Ireland
- Poverty
- In Northern Ireland the majority of the recruits came from poorer catholic areas in Belfast and Derry.
- Unemployment was around 35%-45% in these areas.
- History
- The Great Famine in the 1840s.
- Bloody Sunday - unarmed troops shot by British troops.
- Easy to recruit young unemployed men - convinced by poverty and lack of opportunity due to the unjust treatment by British government.
- Strength of the enemy
- They were against a large, modern army alongside a well-organised police force.
- The British army was sent to keep peace but they became the target for IRA attack.
- Injustice
- The British government wouldn't listen to them and Northern Ireland's own parliament was dominated by unionist politicians.
- Strenghts of IRA
- Culture and propoganda
- Republican prisoners became propaganda symbols
- International support
- Effective leadership and organisation.
- Actions
- Main methods were shootings and bombs
- They were most destructive in the early 1970s
- Killed may soliders, police and civilians
- Targeted businesses to disrupt economic life
- They nearly successfully killed the Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher in October 1984
- Set off huge bombs in London and Manchester
- Kidnapping and hostage taking raised funds along with bank robberies
- Suicide bombs
- Getting tough
- Security forces authorised to hold anyone suspected of terrorism without charge or trial
- This increased support for the IRA
- Roy Mason became secretary of state for Northern Ireland and he increased the level of British forces.
- He authorised the use of SAS against them
- He stopped prisoners being treated as political prisoners
- Deaths caused by the IRA fell
- The army, SAS and intelligence service tried to disrupt operations by techniques based on intelligence
- In 1980s banned British radio and TV broadcasts from allowing any member of the IRA or Sinn Fein to be broadcast.
- Talk
- The British government agreed to secret talks in 1970s.
- Adams convinced they couldn't win. Made most of sympathy from hunger strikes.
- Sinn Fein was a political party that represented the IRAs wing.
- Gave the british government an organisation they could talk to - it was criticised for talking to terrorists.
- In 1993 the British and Irish governments signed the Downing Street declaration.
- Adams and McGuinness were able to get nearly all Republicans to sign up to a lasting ceasefire (Good Friday agreement).
- Methods of PIRA
- Politic al strategies (Sinn Féin) 1980s
- Hunger strikes in protest against British governments refusal to grant them special prisoner states
- The 'long war; late 1970s-1990s
- Ceasefire 1975-1976
- Use as much force as possible 1969-1975
- Peace strategy 1998 - Good Friday Agreement
- Dramatically reduced British influence in northern Ireland helping the catholic community
- Politic al strategies (Sinn Féin) 1980s
- Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness
- Methods of PIRA
- Politic al strategies (Sinn Féin) 1980s
- Hunger strikes in protest against British governments refusal to grant them special prisoner states
- The 'long war; late 1970s-1990s
- Ceasefire 1975-1976
- Use as much force as possible 1969-1975
- Peace strategy 1998 - Good Friday Agreement
- Dramatically reduced British influence in northern Ireland helping the catholic community
- Politic al strategies (Sinn Féin) 1980s
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