Collectivisation
- Created by: Phoebe
- Created on: 28-04-13 21:39
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- Stalin and the Economy Collectivisation
- Aims- a second revolution from below to modernize Russia
- Motives- To confirm authority as leader - To enable Russia to economically catch up with the rest if the world
- Means - Collectivization and Industrialization (FYP)
- Motives- To confirm authority as leader - To enable Russia to economically catch up with the rest if the world
- Collectivisation
- Taking Land from peasants and giving to state. Rather than individual profits, peasants get wage. Profits used to fund Industrilisation
- The Kulaks used as scapegoat accused of holding back peasant revolution by hoarding
- de-kulakisation scaring the peasants
- Industrilisation more important than peasantry. Grain sold abroad and uneeded farmers become factory workers
- resistance - 1929-1930 nearly half farms collectivized 30,000 arson attacks rural mass disturbances increased by 1/3
- Chaos in agriculture – slaughter oflivestock, destruction of tractors, burningof crops
- improve revolutionary ideas (ideological)
- 25,000ers workers sent to revolutionary countryside but instead took part in de-kulakisation
- Effects
- Grain production fell 1929 – 1933.
- Bad harvests and peasants destroying crops causedfamine 1932 – 33. People forced to eat horse manure –up to 10 million died.
- 1933 – grain production did start to increase ascollectives became more organised.
- Human cost – Kulaks eliminated – 5 million executed ordeported.
- 13 million died during collectivisation.
- Strengths
- fed the cities
- Strengthend Stalin politically
- by 1930 over half collectivised
- failed to raise agricultural production
- by 1941 all farms collectivised
- Russian working class increased from 18% to 50% 1928-1939
- Failures
- No socialist or economic efficiency
- famine
- chaos
- 10 million exiled
- 1929 50,000 kulaks sent to siberia
- Labour productivity declined
- 1933 was 9 million tonnes less than 1926
- 1928 number of horses halved
- 10 million died in famine 1932-1933
- Aims- a second revolution from below to modernize Russia
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