research methods overview

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  • Research Methods
    • Experimental Methods
      • Types: Quasi, natural, field, and lab
      • Design: Independent groups, matched pairs,
      • Sampling: volunteer, random, opportunity, systematic, stratified
      • Ethical problems:  right to withdraw, protection from harm,
      • Hypothesis: directional or non-directional, operalationise
      • Research issues: demand characteristics investigator effects, extraneous
      • Research techniques: standardise, control groups, double/single blind
    • Non Experimental Methods
      • Correlations: negative, postive, cannot determine cause and effect
      • Questionnaire:open/closed, avoid jargon & leading q's
      • Interviews: structured or unstructured, quiet room and ethical
      • Pilot Studies: used as a trial run to see what does/doesn't work
      • Observational techniques: naturalistic or controlled, overt or covert, participant or nonparticipant
      • Observational design: behavioural categories, time sampling, event sampling
    • Data Methods
      • Types of data: quantitate or qualitative, primary or secondary, meta analysis
      • Measures: mode, median mean, range, standard deviation
      • Peer review: funding, validation and improvements
      • Statistical testing: significance, probability, calculated and critical values
      • Presentation of data: tables, bar chart, histogram, line graph, scattergram
      • Maths: percentage, denial, fractions, significant figures and standard form

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