Psychology- Types of LTM
- Created by: Daisymac
- Created on: 29-01-19 18:17
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- Types of LTM
- What?
- Tulving 1985 realsied that msm view of LTM is too simplistic and so proposed it has 3 stores
- Episodic
- A long term memory store for personal events. It includes memories of when the events occurred, objects, places and behaviours involved.
- Memories are time stamped, so we remember when they happen
- Need to make a conscious effort to recall it
- eg. first day of school
- Semantic
- Contains our knowledge of the world and is less personal than episodic memory as they are shared by everyone
- Not typically time stamped
- Start as episodic
- Require conscious effort to recall them
- EG. world cup
- Procedural
- Our memory of actions or skills
- Acquired through repetition and practice
- We can recall these without conscious effort
- Hard to explain to others
- EG. How to ride a bike
- Evaluation
- Neuroimaging evidence- Evidence from brain scan studies
- Tulving et al 1994 got their participants to perform simple memory tasks while their brains were scanned. Found episodic and semantic memories were both recalled from the prefrontal-cortex , the left side for semantic and right for episodic
- Increases internal validity
- Clinical evidence
- Case studies of HM and Clive Wearing -- Episodic memory for both was impaired due to amnesia but semantic was unaffected.
- Real life application-- Belleville et al 2006 demonstrated that episodic memories of older people could be improved who had mild cognitive impairment. The trained participants performed better on episodic tests than control group
- Neuroimaging evidence- Evidence from brain scan studies
- What?
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