Hormonal Influences On Growth
- Created by: emily3
- Created on: 31-03-14 10:30
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- Hormonal Influences On Growth
- Humans
- Human Growth Hormone
- Produced by the pituitary gland
- promotes growth by accelerating amino acid transport into the cells of tissues and bones
- allows rapid synthesis of proteins
- Allows increase in length of bones during growing years
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
- Produced by the pituitary gland
- Controls growth and activity of thyroid gland
- Thyroid responds by producing thyroxine
- thyroxine regulates the bodys metabolic processes
- Human Growth Hormone
- Plants
- auxins
- the shoot tip is essential for growth and produses a chemical
- this chemical diffuses down the lower regions of the shoot where it stimulates growth by making cells ellongate
- can diffuse through agar or gelatin
- but not through metal
- most common is IAA
- IAA
- Hormonal Influences On Growth
- Humans
- Human Growth Hormone
- promotes growth by accelerating amino acid transport into the cells of tissues and bones
- allows rapid synthesis of proteins
- Allows increase in length of bones during growing years
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
- Controls growth and activity of thyroid gland
- Thyroid responds by producing thyroxine
- thyroxine regulates the bodys metabolic processes
- Human Growth Hormone
- Plants
- auxins
- the shoot tip is essential for growth and produses a chemical
- this chemical diffuses down the lower regions of the shoot where it stimulates growth by making cells ellongate
- can diffuse through agar or gelatin
- but not through metal
- most common is IAA
- IAA
- produced in root, shoot and leaf meristems
- moves short decisions by diffusion
- long distance occurs in phloem by translocation
- Effects of IAA
- Organ Level
- Shoot and root growth
- Growth Culture
- Phototropism
- When an organ bends towards the source of light
- High conc. of auxins found on the non-illuminated side
- Apical Dominance
- Very High conc. of auxins inhibit growth
- In some plants the apical bud inhibits growth of lateral bud
- Gardeners often remove the apical bud
- Leaf Abcission & Fruit formation
- Auxins promote the formation of the fruit coat from the ovary wall
- Abcissions is the seperation of leaves or fruit from a plant
- Prior to this auxin conc. drops & a thin abcission layer of cells is formed at the base of the leaf or fruit stalk
- Phototropism
- Cell Level
- Cell Division
- stimulates cell division in apical meristems
- Transported from apical meristems to cambium when it stimulates secondary growth
- Cell Elongation
- In apical and lateral meristems
- promotes elongation by increasing the plasticity of the cell walls
- this enables them to tretch irreversibly when water enters by osmosis
- Cell Division
- Organ Level
- IAA
- the shoot tip is essential for growth and produses a chemical
- auxins
- Commercial Applications
- Parthenocarpy
- fruit development without fertilisation to produce seedless fruit
- Delayed Abcission of fruit
- crops sprayed with synthetic auxin
- ensures fruit is ripe
- crops sprayed with synthetic auxin
- Rooting Powders
- contain synthetic auxin which stimulates root growth and allows progation
- Herbicides
- kills weeds by exhausting them
- stimulates the plants rate of growth & metabolism
- plant uses all of its food reserves & dies of starvation
- Parthenocarpy
- Giberellins
- secreted by a fungus called gibberela
- giberellin stimulates cell division an elongation
- Stages Of Action
- 1. Giberellin produced in embryo
- 2. Gib. passes into aleurone Layer
- 3. Gib. activates gene which produces ?- amylase
- 4. ?-amylase brakes down starch to sugar
- 5. sugar provides energy for growth
- 5. Gib. has broken the dormancy of the seed
- Humans
- produced in root, shoot and leaf meristems
- moves short decisions by diffusion
- long distance occurs in phloem by translocation
- Effects of IAA
- Organ Level
- Shoot and root growth
- Growth Culture
- Phototropism
- When an organ bends towards the source of light
- High conc. of auxins found on the non-illuminated side
- Apical Dominance
- Very High conc. of auxins inhibit growth
- In some plants the apical bud inhibits growth of lateral bud
- Gardeners often remove the apical bud
- Leaf Abcission & Fruit formation
- Auxins promote the formation of the fruit coat from the ovary wall
- Abcissions is the seperation of leaves or fruit from a plant
- Prior to this auxin conc. drops & a thin abcission layer of cells is formed at the base of the leaf or fruit stalk
- Phototropism
- Cell Level
- Cell Division
- stimulates cell division in apical meristems
- Transported from apical meristems to cambium when it stimulates secondary growth
- Cell Elongation
- In apical and lateral meristems
- promotes elongation by increasing the plasticity of the cell walls
- this enables them to tretch irreversibly when water enters by osmosis
- Cell Division
- Organ Level
- Hormonal Influences On Growth
- IAA
- the shoot tip is essential for growth and produses a chemical
- auxins
- Commercial Applications
- Parthenocarpy
- fruit development without fertilisation to produce seedless fruit
- Delayed Abcission of fruit
- crops sprayed with synthetic auxin
- ensures fruit is ripe
- crops sprayed with synthetic auxin
- Rooting Powders
- contain synthetic auxin which stimulates root growth and allows progation
- Herbicides
- kills weeds by exhausting them
- stimulates the plants rate of growth & metabolism
- plant uses all of its food reserves & dies of starvation
- Parthenocarpy
- Giberellins
- secreted by a fungus called gibberela
- giberellin stimulates cell division an elongation
- Stages Of Action
- 1. Giberellin produced in embryo
- 2. Gib. passes into aleurone Layer
- 3. Gib. activates gene which produces ?- amylase
- 4. ?-amylase brakes down starch to sugar
- 5. sugar provides energy for growth
- 5. Gib. has broken the dormancy of the seed
- Humans
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