haiti case study part one
- Created by: bainesr16
- Created on: 13-12-22 16:17
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- Haiti Cholera Case Study: Excluding Responses
- Earthquake (12th Jan 2010 - magnitude 7.0)
- epicentre - 16 km southwest of Port-Au-Prince
- 70% of buildings in Port-Au-Prince collapsed (poor quality as many were in slums)
- camps had poor living conditions: overcrowding, poor access to clean water and poor sanitation
- 70% of buildings in Port-Au-Prince collapsed (poor quality as many were in slums)
- killed 230,000 people and injured 300,000
- left families vulnerable, potentially losing sources of income --> forcing them into worse living conditions
- 1.3 million people were displaced --> 1,000 camps were set up
- camps had poor living conditions: overcrowding, poor access to clean water and poor sanitation
- people were forced to migrate - spreads the disease (disease diffusion - esp. expansion)
- damaged water supplies and sanitation networks
- forced people to drink from the Artibonite river --> spread cholera
- sewage entered water supplies --> spread cholera
- UN aid workers from Nepal temporarily migrated to Haiti to help those impacted
- it is thought that they brought Cholera to Haiti --> Haiti had not had a cholera epidemic for 100 years before this
- epicentre - 16 km southwest of Port-Au-Prince
- Hurricane Tomas (5th November 2010)
- caused rapid flooding and overflowing toilets
- sewage was not contained away from drinking water and homes --> spread of contaminated water --> spread of cholera
- caused rapid flooding and overflowing toilets
- environmental factors affecting the spread of cholera
- Haiti is in a sub-tropical region
- V. Cholerae likes warm, aquatic environments so the disease could reproduce and spread quickly
- Communities on the Artibonite River had the first cases and it was the most rampant there
- implies that the river is intrinsic in the spread of cholera
- La Nina (warming) in the seas and Artibonite River
- May have activated dormant cholera bacteria and allowed it to spread from the sea to the river where it infected local communities
- Haiti is in a sub-tropical region
- human factors affecting the spread of cholera
- high population density --> 1.6 million people lived in camps and 86% lived in slums
- neighbourhood effects (Hagerstrand) --> an individual is in direct contact with a larger volume of people allowing for more disease diffusion (contagious diffusion)
- poverty - 80% lived below the poverty line
- could not afford healthcare (including the costs of travelling the hospital or missing work --> increased mortality
- high population density --> 1.6 million people lived in camps and 86% lived in slums
- neighbourhood effects (Hagerstrand) --> an individual is in direct contact with a larger volume of people allowing for more disease diffusion (contagious diffusion)
- lack of access to healthcare - 40% of the population have access to basic healthcare
- could not afford healthcare (including the costs of travelling the hospital or missing work --> increased mortality
- poor sanitation
- limits the effectiveness of responses as there is a fundamental lack of good sanitation infrastructure
- creates ideal conditions for the bacteria --> spreads and infects more people creating more contaminated waste --> positive feedback cycle
- Over reliance on the river
- leaves communities vulnerable to diseases that rely on water like cholera
- high population density --> 1.6 million people lived in camps and 86% lived in slums
- Earthquake (12th Jan 2010 - magnitude 7.0)
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