EARTHQUAKE CASE STUDIES
- Created by: Charlie Davies
- Created on: 29-05-14 16:43
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- EARTHQUAKE CASE STUDIES
- HAITI
- Struggled with problems ranging from
near-constant political upheaval, health crises, severe environmental degradation
and an annual barrage of hurricanes.
- Used to be colonised and as a result debts had
to be paid off resulting in very little investment into infrastructure.
- Ø
GDP
- $1,200 per person, 207th in
the world
Ø
GDP growth rate 2010 – MINUS 5.6%
- Ø Population - 9.7 Million Ø Population below poverty line - 80% Ø 70% of population live on less than $2 a day.
- Ø
GDP
- $1,200 per person, 207th in
the world
Ø
GDP growth rate 2010 – MINUS 5.6%
- Used to be colonised and as a result debts had
to be paid off resulting in very little investment into infrastructure.
- WHEN?
- Haiti earthquake, January 12th at 4:53pm, 2010
- WHERE?
- Ø Haiti
sits between the Caribbean and North American plates
Ø
The
inner islands, Haiti included, are known as the Leeward Islands and are less
volcanically active but do suffer from Earthquakes.
- Ø
Haiti
itself is on a strike slip fault that runs off a destructive plate margin to
the north of the Island of Hispaniola, which Haiti shares with the Dominican
Republic.
- North
American Plate sliding past the Caribbean Plate at a conservative plate margin.
Friction builds up until one plate suddenly “pings” back up
- fault had been “locked” for 250years, gathering stress
- North
American Plate sliding past the Caribbean Plate at a conservative plate margin.
Friction builds up until one plate suddenly “pings” back up
- Ø
Haiti
itself is on a strike slip fault that runs off a destructive plate margin to
the north of the Island of Hispaniola, which Haiti shares with the Dominican
Republic.
- Ø Haiti
sits between the Caribbean and North American plates
Ø
The
inner islands, Haiti included, are known as the Leeward Islands and are less
volcanically active but do suffer from Earthquakes.
- MAGNITUDE
- Ø
The Haiti earthquake centred just 10 miles
southwest of the capital city, Port au Prince
- The event measured 7.0 on the Richter Magnitude
scale
- 200 years since the last major earthquake
- The event measured 7.0 on the Richter Magnitude
scale
- Ø
The Haiti earthquake centred just 10 miles
southwest of the capital city, Port au Prince
- IMPACT
- 220,000-250,000 people
estimated to have died
- Ø
300,000+ people were injured
- Ø
4,000 schools were damaged or destroyed
- Over 188,383 houses were
badly damaged and 105,000 were destroyed by the earthquake
- a half million people were
living in camps including over 100,000 at critical risk from storms and
flooding
- outbreak of cholera in
October 2010. By July 2011 5,899 had died as a result of the outbreak
- Port-au-Prince was flattened in less than 60seconds
- outbreak of cholera in
October 2010. By July 2011 5,899 had died as a result of the outbreak
- a half million people were
living in camps including over 100,000 at critical risk from storms and
flooding
- Over 188,383 houses were
badly damaged and 105,000 were destroyed by the earthquake
- Ø
4,000 schools were damaged or destroyed
- Ø
300,000+ people were injured
- Ø 85% of the rural population practise some agriculture
which accounts for 26% of Haiti’s economic output. This makes agriculture the
country’s largest employer
- The destruction of roads, bridges, fishing ports
and infrastructure had a serious effect on food production
- Haiti relied heavily on tourism to the island but the quake resulted in numbers declining to go the other Caribbean islands.
- The destruction of roads, bridges, fishing ports
and infrastructure had a serious effect on food production
- Ø Corals were
pushed upwards to the north with farmland collapsing into the sea to the south.
- Ø Lateral
spreading resulted in ground slumping or
falling away
- Loss of habitat - make up number of dead animals
- Ø Lateral
spreading resulted in ground slumping or
falling away
- 220,000-250,000 people
estimated to have died
- RESPONSE
- IMMEDIATE
- Ø UNs
relief appeal totalled $1.4 billion
- UK
public donated an extraordinary £107m - the second highest total
- Ø
Water- bottled water and purification tablets
were distributed
- UN world Food Programme provided basic food necessities. Farmers were given immediate support before the spring planting season
- Ø
Water- bottled water and purification tablets
were distributed
- UK
public donated an extraordinary £107m - the second highest total
- Ø UNs
relief appeal totalled $1.4 billion
- LONG TERM
- Improving the water supply of 340,000 people
- Providing free medical care to 39,000 people
- Providing improved shelter for 34,000 people
- Giving information to 116,000 people about
preparing for future disasters
- Venezuela
has cancelled all Haiti debt and has promised to supply oil free of charge
until the country has recovered from the disaster.
- Hospitals, schools and government buildings were
rebuilt to new life saving building codes.
- Local people were employed as construction
workers
- some economic activities were moved away from Port-au-Prince to less earthquake prone areas.
- Local people were employed as construction
workers
- Hospitals, schools and government buildings were
rebuilt to new life saving building codes.
- Venezuela
has cancelled all Haiti debt and has promised to supply oil free of charge
until the country has recovered from the disaster.
- Giving information to 116,000 people about
preparing for future disasters
- Providing improved shelter for 34,000 people
- Providing free medical care to 39,000 people
- Improving the water supply of 340,000 people
- IMMEDIATE
- MONITORING
- Ø
The Haitian government promised to invest in
earthquake monitoring
- However this promise was never realised.
- Ø
The Haitian government promised to invest in
earthquake monitoring
- Struggled with problems ranging from
near-constant political upheaval, health crises, severe environmental degradation
and an annual barrage of hurricanes.
- CHRISTCHURCH
- WHERE?
- New
Zealand is located in the Pacific Ocean in the continent of Oceania. It is South East of Australia and consists of
a North and South Island
- Ø
lies on the well known Pacific “Ring of Fire”.
- Ø
The Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the
Indo-Australian Plate off the east coast of the North Island. The subduction
zone terminated about 275km NE of Christchurch.
- Then the direction of the margin changes and there is a fault zone running from NE to SW across the centre of the South Island through the Southern Alps
- Ø
The Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the
Indo-Australian Plate off the east coast of the North Island. The subduction
zone terminated about 275km NE of Christchurch.
- Ø
lies on the well known Pacific “Ring of Fire”.
- earthquake occurred on a conservative plate margin where the Pacific Plate slid past the Australian Plate in the opposite direction. It was technically an aftershock from a larger earthquake in 2010 but the impacts were more severe.
- New
Zealand is located in the Pacific Ocean in the continent of Oceania. It is South East of Australia and consists of
a North and South Island
- WHEN?
- 12:51pm on Tuesday 22 February 2011
- City
has strong growth in Professional and Engineering Services, Financial Services,
Construction, and Healthcare; between 2000 and 2010 these industries grew in
employment by 42%.
- Ø
Life
expectancy: 79 years (men), 83 years (women) (UN)
Ø
Main
exports: Wool, food and dairy products, wood and paper products Ø
GNI per
capita: US $29,140 (World Bank, 2010)
- Access to clean water: 100% of people have access to clean water
- Ø
Life
expectancy: 79 years (men), 83 years (women) (UN)
Ø
Main
exports: Wool, food and dairy products, wood and paper products Ø
GNI per
capita: US $29,140 (World Bank, 2010)
- Magnitude
- 6.3
magnitude
- Ø The country's deadliest in 80 years.
- 6.3
magnitude
- IMPACT
- Ø
185 People killed
- . 115 people died when the
six-storey Canterbury Television (CTV) building in Madras Street collapsed
- Ø
6 died in two city buses (red 702 bus) crushed by crumbling
walls.
- Ø
80% of the city had no electricity Ø
Hundreds of kilometres of water and sewage pipes were
damaged
- Ø 10,000 houses demolished
- Ø
80% of the city had no electricity Ø
Hundreds of kilometres of water and sewage pipes were
damaged
- Ø
6 died in two city buses (red 702 bus) crushed by crumbling
walls.
- . 115 people died when the
six-storey Canterbury Television (CTV) building in Madras Street collapsed
- Ø Over half of the buildings in the central business
district were demolished.
- Hotel attendance fell to 40,000 tourists a year from 100,000
- Ø Games in the Rugby World Cup cancelled and moved
- employment in the Canterbury region decreased by 26,800 (
- New Zealand stock exchanged crashed by
340points.
- $30billion damage
- New Zealand stock exchanged crashed by
340points.
- employment in the Canterbury region decreased by 26,800 (
- Ø Games in the Rugby World Cup cancelled and moved
- Hotel attendance fell to 40,000 tourists a year from 100,000
- Ø Part (size of
20 football fields) of the country’s longest glacier was broken off creating a large iceberg as it
hit Lake Tasman creating Tsunami waves
- Ø shifted land,
created liquefaction, created large gaps in the ground etc. It ruined houses
and farm land
- Ø Silt washed into local river beds, making it not possible for recreation sailing.
- Ø shifted land,
created liquefaction, created large gaps in the ground etc. It ruined houses
and farm land
- Ø
185 People killed
- RESPONSE
- IMMEDIATE
- Ø
In the seconds, hours and days after the
earthquake rescue and response was offered by ordinary people as well as the
emergency services on duty
- The
Canterbury Art Gallery ,which had been designed to be earthquake proof survived
and, was turned into a Emergency Response centre
- Ø
300 Australian police were flown in brining the
number of the police to 1200
- MAPPING OF CHRISTCHURCH
- Ø
300 Australian police were flown in brining the
number of the police to 1200
- The
Canterbury Art Gallery ,which had been designed to be earthquake proof survived
and, was turned into a Emergency Response centre
- Ø
In the seconds, hours and days after the
earthquake rescue and response was offered by ordinary people as well as the
emergency services on duty
- LONG TERM
- The
Red Cross provided grants to families with children under 5 years of age who
were living in significantly damaged homes
- $898
million in building claims
- Ø
Roads and houses were cleared of silt from
liquefaction by August and 80% of roads/50% of footpaths were repaired
- Ø Downtown, a temporary shopping centre in brightly coloured shipping containers. Called BOX PARK
- Ø
Roads and houses were cleared of silt from
liquefaction by August and 80% of roads/50% of footpaths were repaired
- $898
million in building claims
- The
Red Cross provided grants to families with children under 5 years of age who
were living in significantly damaged homes
- IMMEDIATE
- WHERE?
- HAITI
- CHRISTCHURCH
- WHERE?
- New
Zealand is located in the Pacific Ocean in the continent of Oceania. It is South East of Australia and consists of
a North and South Island
- Ø
lies on the well known Pacific “Ring of Fire”.
- Ø
The Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the
Indo-Australian Plate off the east coast of the North Island. The subduction
zone terminated about 275km NE of Christchurch.
- Then the direction of the margin changes and there is a fault zone running from NE to SW across the centre of the South Island through the Southern Alps
- Ø
The Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the
Indo-Australian Plate off the east coast of the North Island. The subduction
zone terminated about 275km NE of Christchurch.
- Ø
lies on the well known Pacific “Ring of Fire”.
- earthquake occurred on a conservative plate margin where the Pacific Plate slid past the Australian Plate in the opposite direction. It was technically an aftershock from a larger earthquake in 2010 but the impacts were more severe.
- New
Zealand is located in the Pacific Ocean in the continent of Oceania. It is South East of Australia and consists of
a North and South Island
- WHEN?
- 12:51pm on Tuesday 22 February 2011
- City
has strong growth in Professional and Engineering Services, Financial Services,
Construction, and Healthcare; between 2000 and 2010 these industries grew in
employment by 42%.
- Ø
Life
expectancy: 79 years (men), 83 years (women) (UN)
Ø
Main
exports: Wool, food and dairy products, wood and paper products Ø
GNI per
capita: US $29,140 (World Bank, 2010)
- Access to clean water: 100% of people have access to clean water
- Ø
Life
expectancy: 79 years (men), 83 years (women) (UN)
Ø
Main
exports: Wool, food and dairy products, wood and paper products Ø
GNI per
capita: US $29,140 (World Bank, 2010)
- Magnitude
- 6.3
magnitude
- Ø The country's deadliest in 80 years.
- 6.3
magnitude
- IMPACT
- Ø
185 People killed
- . 115 people died when the
six-storey Canterbury Television (CTV) building in Madras Street collapsed
- Ø
6 died in two city buses (red 702 bus) crushed by crumbling
walls.
- Ø
80% of the city had no electricity Ø
Hundreds of kilometres of water and sewage pipes were
damaged
- Ø 10,000 houses demolished
- Ø
80% of the city had no electricity Ø
Hundreds of kilometres of water and sewage pipes were
damaged
- Ø
6 died in two city buses (red 702 bus) crushed by crumbling
walls.
- . 115 people died when the
six-storey Canterbury Television (CTV) building in Madras Street collapsed
- Ø Over half of the buildings in the central business
district were demolished.
- Hotel attendance fell to 40,000 tourists a year from 100,000
- Ø Games in the Rugby World Cup cancelled and moved
- employment in the Canterbury region decreased by 26,800 (
- New Zealand stock exchanged crashed by
340points.
- $30billion damage
- New Zealand stock exchanged crashed by
340points.
- employment in the Canterbury region decreased by 26,800 (
- Ø Games in the Rugby World Cup cancelled and moved
- Hotel attendance fell to 40,000 tourists a year from 100,000
- Ø Part (size of
20 football fields) of the country’s longest glacier was broken off creating a large iceberg as it
hit Lake Tasman creating Tsunami waves
- Ø shifted land,
created liquefaction, created large gaps in the ground etc. It ruined houses
and farm land
- Ø Silt washed into local river beds, making it not possible for recreation sailing.
- Ø shifted land,
created liquefaction, created large gaps in the ground etc. It ruined houses
and farm land
- Ø
185 People killed
- RESPONSE
- IMMEDIATE
- Ø
In the seconds, hours and days after the
earthquake rescue and response was offered by ordinary people as well as the
emergency services on duty
- The
Canterbury Art Gallery ,which had been designed to be earthquake proof survived
and, was turned into a Emergency Response centre
- Ø
300 Australian police were flown in brining the
number of the police to 1200
- MAPPING OF CHRISTCHURCH
- Ø
300 Australian police were flown in brining the
number of the police to 1200
- The
Canterbury Art Gallery ,which had been designed to be earthquake proof survived
and, was turned into a Emergency Response centre
- Ø
In the seconds, hours and days after the
earthquake rescue and response was offered by ordinary people as well as the
emergency services on duty
- LONG TERM
- The
Red Cross provided grants to families with children under 5 years of age who
were living in significantly damaged homes
- $898
million in building claims
- Ø
Roads and houses were cleared of silt from
liquefaction by August and 80% of roads/50% of footpaths were repaired
- Ø Downtown, a temporary shopping centre in brightly coloured shipping containers. Called BOX PARK
- Ø
Roads and houses were cleared of silt from
liquefaction by August and 80% of roads/50% of footpaths were repaired
- $898
million in building claims
- The
Red Cross provided grants to families with children under 5 years of age who
were living in significantly damaged homes
- IMMEDIATE
- WHERE?
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