functions of the kidney
- Created by: Chantelle..
- Created on: 15-01-19 10:12
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- functions of the kidney
- removal of urea
- when we digest proteins they become amino acids
- used to build our own proteins
- amino acids that we cant store are taken to the liver
- stripped of nitrogen containing portion of the acid
- this forms toxic ammonia
- converted to urea
- less toxic but still poisonous
- passes into the blood and travels to the kidney
- less toxic but still poisonous
- converted to urea
- this forms toxic ammonia
- stripped of nitrogen containing portion of the acid
- bowman's capsule and glomerulus
- acts like a filter
- blood vessel from glomerulus is narrower tan the one entering
- = like putting thumb over a hose pipe
- blood enters the glomerulus at high pressure
- plasma is forced out through capillary walls
- into the bowman's capsule
- rapid exit
- = ultrafiltration
- removes waste wastes, nutrients and water from plasma
- leaves blood proteins and cells behind
- removes waste wastes, nutrients and water from plasma
- = ultrafiltration
- rapid exit
- into the bowman's capsule
- plasma is forced out through capillary walls
- when we digest proteins they become amino acids
- reabsorption
- occurs in the proximal tubule
- 95% of water is reabsorbed from plasma
- along with glucose, amino acids, vitamins and mineral salts
- what happens next depends on the circumstances
- e.g if we need to balance our salt and pH levles
- next task remaining is water regulation
- regulation of water levels
- loss of water increases concentration of blood
- could result in cells losing water by osmosis
- hypothalamus detects rise of concentration
- sends impulses to pituitary glands
- = release of ADH
- targets cells in the walls of the kidneys collecting ducts
- = release of ADH
- sends impulses to pituitary glands
- specialised blood supply keeps medulla salty
- by removing salt from urine in hoop of henle
- collecting ducts are located in the salty medulla
- by removing salt from urine in hoop of henle
- presence of ADH
- water passes through the walls of the collecting ducts
- water diffuses out of the ducts into salty medulla
- then back into the blood
- = correct blood concentration and production of a concentrated urine
- then back into the blood
- water diffuses out of the ducts into salty medulla
- water passes through the walls of the collecting ducts
- if too much water
- blood can become diluted
- risks blood and cells taking up water
- by osmosis
- = swelling and possibly bursting
- by osmosis
- risks blood and cells taking up water
- under these circumstances hypothalamusmus isn't stimulated
- pituitary doesn't produce ADH
- water remains in the urine
- is passed to the bladder
- = more urination
- is passed to the bladder
- water remains in the urine
- pituitary doesn't produce ADH
- blood can become diluted
- loss of water increases concentration of blood
- removal of urea
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