Evaluation: Anxiety and Recall
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?- Created by: theninjaemu
- Created on: 09-11-16 11:06
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- Evaluation: Anxiety and Recall
- Weapon focus and relevance
- Weapon focus effect may not be relevant
- Johnson and Scott may test surprise rather than anxiety
- Pickel (1998): took objects into a hairdressing salon
- Scissors
- Handgun
- Wallet
- Raw chicken
- Eyewitness accuracy was poorer in the high unusualness conditions
- Handgun
- Raw chicken
- Suggests weapon focus effect is due to unusualness rather than anxiety
- Tells us nothing specifically about the effects of anxiety on EWT
- Lack of control
- Researchers usually interview real-life witnesses after an event
- Things will have changed in the time frame between the incident and interview
- Discussions with others about the event
- Accounts they read or saw in the media
- Effects of being interviewed by police
- These extraneous variables may be responsible for recall accuracy
- Effects of anxiety may be overwhelmed by these factors
- Impossible to asses by the time ppts are interviewed
- Ethical issues
- Creating anxiety in participants is risky
- May subject ppts to psychological harm
- Doesn't challenge findings from Johnson and Scott, but questions need for research
- A possible reason
- Compare findings with less controlled field studies
- See if the benefits outweigh the issues
- Yerkes-Dodson law too simplistic
- Anxiety is difficult to define and measure
- Has many parts
- Cognitive
- Behavioural
- Emotional
- Physical
- Law assumes only one of these is linked to poor performance (physical)
- Incomplete explanation
- More to the relationship between anxiety and EWT
- Doesn't fully explain how anxiety affects EWT
- Demand characteristics
- Most lab studies show ppts a filmed and/or staged crime
- Awareness of the situation
- Realising they are watching it for a reason
- Figuring out they will be asked questions on what happened
- May act differently
- Perform in a way to please the experementer
- May act to deliberately sabotage results
- Participant behaviour is no longer natural
- Extraneous variable
- The DV will be affected
- Weapon focus and relevance
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