emancipation of Jews in Europe
- Created by: shannonboulton
- Created on: 14-05-19 13:22
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- Emancipation of Jews:
- across Europe 1790-1918
- economic incentive, trade networks across mediterranean/Atlantic and idea that Christians + Jews can live among eachother as individuals not opposing groups
- needed a political rapture
- during French Revolution:
- 1790= 5,000 Jews granted full rights citizenship
- 1789= national assembly published declaration of the rights of men and the citizen
- north western Jews at time of emancipation had already assimulated into their surrounding Christian society
- these were merchents and traders, talked dressed and lived like their christian neighbours almost
- 1791= emancipation of other important Jewish community in France eastern of Alsace and Lorraine
- these integrated into France but didnt speak french, lived in seperate communities, but granted citiensip
- emancipation of 89-91 didnt give equal rights BUT enabled continuity to live in communtiies, follow Jewish laws, own courts, dress/speak differently
- had pre-history made of ecnomic empowerment of Jews thanks to cantilism +enlightnement thinkers of men's rights
- 1790-91 turning point in Jewish History, and marked Europe's entry into modernity.
- meant rethinking and reshaping the point in which Europeans had lived for past 1800 years
- Jews still discriminated against in Europe, not emancipated in other countries until months later (Italy 1861, Austria 1867)
- 1790-91 turning point in Jewish History, and marked Europe's entry into modernity.
- state stopped discriminatingpeople based on religion.
- relationship not by groups or religion but by duties of country
- Jews for centuries considered outside of Christian society
- Prussia:
- Napoleonic era 1799-1815= conquer all of europe and exported the ideals and laws of French Revolution to them
- including emancipation of Jews
- Defeated in 1806 (By Napoleon)
- 1812 Emancipation Edict
- granted full citizenship but restrcited (couldn't sit in gov)
- edict concerned only Jews who lived in old historic prussia. Eastern territories
- 50 years afetr 1912= Jews rights in Prussia confirmed, restricted again and then extended once more. Depending on poltiical circumstances
- when unified with Germany, taboo as extended emancipation to German Jews
- Napoleonic era 1799-1815= conquer all of europe and exported the ideals and laws of French Revolution to them
- Russian Empire
- 1917= Bolsh revolution emancipated Jews
- result of dismember of Poland, Russia had 1M Jews in extended borders end of 18thC
- 1795= Jews to move outside new terroitories known as Pale of Settlement. for next 120 years JEws suffered from policies of Catherine the great
- Nicholas II and Alexander II tried to integrate Jews into Russian society without effecting chrsitian subjects
- vast majority of Jews in Pale Settlment continued to leave 19thC to participate in east European Jewish enlightenment
- not until 1917 that Jews get full citizenship and emancipation
- across Europe 1790-1918
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