When was the Russian Revolution and what affect did it have on WW1?
October 1917, meant that Germany were now only fighting the war on one front, meaning 192 German divisions faced only 178 Allied division
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When did the US join the war and why?
April 1917 as a result of German unrestricted submarine warfare
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What was the Hindenburg line?
The final German defensive line, concrete blockhouses behing a series of fortified outposts and a front of massive artillery
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What was 'Operation Michael'?
'Operation Michael' was Ludendorff's plan to punch a hole through British lines
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When was the Ludendorff Offensive and how effective was it?
It began on the 21st March 1918, involved artillery bombardment, machine-gun fire, aerial bombardment and the use of chlorine and phosgene gas, the closest the British Army came to collapse
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How far did the Germans advance?
12 miles in 2 days, capturing 1000's
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What had happened by April 1918?
The Germans had outrun their supply lines and were exhausted
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What was another cause for the end of Operation Michael?
Spanish Influenza had killed 500,000 Germans
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How many casualties had the Germans suffered by July 1918?
800,000
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What was the Allied Counter Offensive called?
The Hundred Days Offensive
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What did the Germans call the attack?
The Black Day of the German Army
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What were the Allied successes?
6 miles of territory and 16,000 German prisoners
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How had Allied tactics improved?
Greater use of radio, adoption of the 106 percussion fuse, flash spotting and sound ranging to more accurately direct artillery, use of infantry with air power, increased accuracy of the creeping barrage
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How many German casualties were there in the offensive?
18,000 taken prisoner, 9,000 killed or wounded
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By July, how many US forces were arriving per month?
250,000
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When did the war end?
11th November 1918
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
When did the US join the war and why?
Back
April 1917 as a result of German unrestricted submarine warfare
Card 3
Front
What was the Hindenburg line?
Back
Card 4
Front
What was 'Operation Michael'?
Back
Card 5
Front
When was the Ludendorff Offensive and how effective was it?
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