WJEC Biology Respiration

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  • Created on: 23-01-15 08:47
The removal of a molecule of carbon dioxide from a molecule by a group of enzymes called decarboxylases. It happens 2 times in the link reaction and 4 times in the krebs cycle, per glucose.
Decarboxylation
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The second 6 carbon intermediate formed in the Krebs Cycle from Citrate.
Isocitrate
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The first 6 carbon intermediate formed in the Krebs Cycle from the combination of Oxaloacetate and Acetyl CoA.
Citrate
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The 5 carbon intermediate molecule found in the Krebs Cycle.
Alpha Ketoglutarate
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The full unabbreviated name of FAD, a coenzyme that picks up hydrogen and electrons, removing them from the dehydrogenation process that happens in the Krebs Cycle.
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
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The full unabbreviated name of NAD, a coenzyme that picks up hydrogen and electrons, removing them from the dehydrogenation process that happens in Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle.
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
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The role oxygen plays in aerobic respiration, it being located at the end of the last proton pump, forming water with both the electrons and hydrogen that have moved into the matrix of the mitochondria.
Final Electron Acceptor
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Without oxygen. In this context also a pathway of respiration that creates 2 molecules of ATP per glucose and lactate.
Anaerobic
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The end product of glycolysis, which can go on to either the anaerobic or aerobic pathway (to the link reaction) of respiration to create ATP.
Pyruvate
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The molecule formed when glucose has been activated by two ATP in glycolysis.
Hexose Bisphosphate
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The removal of hydrogen from a molecule by a group of enzymes called dehydrogenases. It happens 2 times in glycolysis, 2 times in the link reaction and 8 times in the Krebs Cycle, per glucose.
Dehydrogenation
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The first part of respiration in general that happens in the cytoplasm, starting with glucose and producing pyruvate.
Glycolysis
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The final part of the aerobic respiration process, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This feature is made up of three proton pumps with electron carriers in between (coenzymes) each of them.
Electron Transport Chain
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The space where protons collect after being moved by the electron transport chain, in between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. This is the high concentration component of the proton gradient.
Intermembranous Space
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The enzyme that is fixed to the inner mitochondrial membrane, that allows protons to pass through it, providing the energy to combine ADP and organic phosphate into ATP.
ATP Synthase
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With oxygen. In this context also a pathway of respiration that creates 38 molecules of ATP per glucose, carbon dioxide and water.
aerobic
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An alcohol with two carbons. Also in this context the end product of anaerobic respiration in fungi.
Ethanol
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A process where a phosphate molecule is bonded to another, in the context of respiration this is usually the combination of ADP and organic phosphate.
Phosphorylation
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Phosphorylation using energy from light.
Photophosphorylation
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A reaction where water is used to split a larger molecule in to smaller molecules.
Hydrolysis
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A sugar made up of six carbon atoms.
Hexose
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Gain of hydrogen/gain of electrons/loss of oxygen/drop in oxidation number
Reduction
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Loss of hydrogen/loss of electrons/gain of oxygen/rise in oxidation number
Oxidation
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The fluid interior of the mitochondrion where the link reaction and Krebs cycle take place.
Matrix
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The first part of the aerobic pathway, that converts pyruvate into Acetyl CoA, leading it to the link reaction. This takes place in the matrix.
The Link Reaction
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The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane where the reactions of the electron transport chain take place.
Cristae
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The cycle of reactions which take place in the mitochondrial matrix, taking Acetyl CoA, and converting it into carbon dioxide, reduced NAD, reduced FAD, and finally Oxaloacetate to be reused.
The Krebs Cycle
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The 4 carbon intermediate in the Krebs Cycle that is formed at the end of one cycle, that is combined with Acetyl CoA and reused.
Oxaloacetate
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The full unabbreviated name of ATP, the unit of energy currency in cells.
Adenosine Triphosphate
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The second 6 carbon intermediate formed in the Krebs Cycle from Citrate.

Back

Isocitrate

Card 3

Front

The first 6 carbon intermediate formed in the Krebs Cycle from the combination of Oxaloacetate and Acetyl CoA.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

The 5 carbon intermediate molecule found in the Krebs Cycle.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The full unabbreviated name of FAD, a coenzyme that picks up hydrogen and electrons, removing them from the dehydrogenation process that happens in the Krebs Cycle.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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