What is meant by vulnerability in the context of hazards?
The likelihood of a community being unable to absorb and recover from the impacts of a hazard.
1 of 19
What is meant by resilience in the context of hazards?
The ability of a community to cope with the effects of a hazard.
2 of 19
What makes a hazard into a disaster?
When a hazard event causes significant damage and destruction to a vulnerable population.
3 of 19
Name the TWO pressures in the Pressure and Release model.
1) The natural hazard event 2) The vulnerability of the people experiencing the hazard
4 of 19
Outline what you consider to be the main economic impacts of tectonic hazards.
Destruction of industrial plant, disruption of transport network, loss of farmland, loss of labour, loss of trade.
5 of 19
Name TWO of the scales used to measure the magnitude and intensity of an earthquake.
Magnitude - Richter scale OR moment magnitude scale (MMS). Intensity - Mercalli scale
6 of 19
What does the Richter scale meaure?
The Richter scale measures the height of an earthquake's shock waves.
7 of 19
What does the Mercalli scale measure?
It measures the impacts of an earthquake by a sequence of 12 graduated symptoms.
8 of 19
What does the Moment Magnitude Scale meaure?
It meaures the energy released by an earthquake.
9 of 19
What does VEI stand for?
It stands for: Volcanic Explosive Index
10 of 19
What does the VEI measure?
It meaures the volume of material ejected, the height of the eruption cloud and qualitative observations. It is of no connection with non-explosive eruptions of lava.
11 of 19
Name the SIX characteristics commonly used in producing a tectonic hazard profile.
1) Magnitude 2) Speed of onset 3) Duration 4) Areal extent of damage 5) Frequency 6) Predictability
12 of 19
Explain the value of compiling hazard profiles.
They can inform decision-making in hazard planning by helping to identify: levels of risk, the likely scale and impacts of hazard events; the relative threats posed by a number of different hazards.
13 of 19
Identify the inequalities that make low-income households and communities carry a disproportionate share of disaster 'costs'.
Asset inequality, access to services inequality, political inequality and social status inequality.
14 of 19
In what ways does poor governance increase vulnerability to the impacts of tectonic hazards?
Resources not invested in mitigating impacts, people and businesses are not 'educated', lack of proper investment in infrastructure, unable to provide leadership required.
15 of 19
Identify ways in which disasters can create development oppportunities.
More willingness to invest in hazard mitigation, so future hazards cause less damage. The need for reconstruction provides a great opporunity to make a fresh start (e.g. better housing, new businesses and new development directions).
16 of 19
Give some examples of countries with high resilience.
Japan, America, New Zealand, UK.
17 of 19
What factors affect resilience?
Economic status, demographic makeup, poor government, lack of resources
18 of 19
Give some examples of countries with high development.
USA, Japan, New Zealand.
19 of 19
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is meant by resilience in the context of hazards?
Back
The ability of a community to cope with the effects of a hazard.
Card 3
Front
What makes a hazard into a disaster?
Back
Card 4
Front
Name the TWO pressures in the Pressure and Release model.
Back
Card 5
Front
Outline what you consider to be the main economic impacts of tectonic hazards.
Comments
No comments have yet been made