War and its impact on life in Germany. 1939-1941

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  • Created by: KAustria
  • Created on: 01-06-14 12:17
What was Germany's attack tactics from 1939-1941?
Blitzkrieg - Lightening war.
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What benefits did the lightening war bring to Germany?
Secured Germany supplies of raw materials, food, luxury goods.
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What was introduced in 1939 in response to the policy of autarky?
Rationing of food,clothes and fuels.
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What effect did rationing have on Germans?
Positive. Healthier and more balanced diet
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When did mass evacuation occur in Germany?
1943 to Austria and Bavaria
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How did Goebbels boost morale?
Propaganda by highlighting victories from 1939-1941 and played on the fear of commnism
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What did Goebbels announce in February 1943?
The policy of Total War, which meant that all sections of society and economy had to play a part in the war effort.
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What was Albert Speer's role?
In September 1943 her was appointed Reich Minister for Armament and production.
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What did Albert Speer do?
1. Cut the production of consumer goods 2. Concentrated production of war materials.
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What percentage of industrial workers were foreign?
29%
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What did the Nazi fdo in 1943 to get women involved?
3 million women aged 17-45 were called to work ut only 1 million took the jobs
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What did the Germans do in response to their food shortages?
Parks and gardens in cities were dug up and used as vegetable patches. Increase in illegal trade.
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What happened to Dresden in February 1945?
70% of buildings were destroyed and 150,000 civilians were killed
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How many pWhat were the 4 main stages of the eople died in total from the allied bombings?
800,000
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What was Volksstrum?
Formed in September 1944. They were the people's home guard mad up of boys from the Hitler Youth anf Men too old to serve in the army.
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What were the 4 main stages of the treatment of the Hitler Youth.
1, Emigration 2. Ghettos 3, Einsatzgrupped (** killing squad) 4. Wannsee Conference 5. The Final Solution
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Where were the Jews forced to emigrated to from 1939?
Madagascar
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How many Jews were under the Nazi rule after the Polish invasion?
3 million
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How many died in the Warsaw Ghetto?
55,000
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How many Jews were under Nazi rule after the USSr invasion?
5 million
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What did the Einsatzgruppen do?
In the USSR they rounded Jews up and shot them into mass graves.
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How many people died by the shooting of the Einsatzgruppen?
2 million Jews.
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What was the Wannsee Conference?
20th January 1942. Leading Nazi's came together to discuss the final solution to the Jewish question. it was decided that death camps were to be built in Poland and all Jews were to be transported there.
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How many people died in the Holocaust?
6 million Jews and 500,000 gypsies.
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Why did the Final Solution cam about?
1.Ghettos became over crowded 2. Too many Jews under the Nazi rule 3. Einsatzgruppen became ineffective - wasted bullets.
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Who were the groups of young people who opposed the Nazis?
1. Edelweiss Pirates 2. Swing Youth.
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Who were the student opposers to the Nazi Regime
White Rose Group
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Who were the religious opposers to the nazi regime?
1. martin Niemöller 2. Dietrich Bonhoeffer 3. Von Galen
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Who were the military opposers to the Nazi regime?
General Ludwig Beck and his circle of friends
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Describe the July bomb plot in 1944?
1. Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg realised Hitler needed to be removed 2. 'Operation Valkryie' 3. 20th July 1944 a Bomb exploded under the table of where Hiter had a meeting 4. 4 people died and Hitler was mearly injured 5. Suspects were hunted down
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What was Operation Valkryie?
1. assassinate Hitler 2. Declare martial law 3. Set up Temporary government 4. Negotiate peace with the allies.
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How many were executed as the result of the hunt down after the July bombs?
5746
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What happened in the battle of Stalingrad?
1942-1943. Germans failed to take the city of Stalingrad and surrendered their forces.
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What happened in the battle of Kursk?
July 1943. germans were defeated and lost 200 tanks. the Soviet union started to advance westwards rapidly
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What happened to the troops in the USSR by the end of 1944?
They were pushed out
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What cities did the Soviet union liberate?
Warsaw, Budapest and Vienna
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Why were the Germans losing the Battle of the Atlantic by 1943?
The U boats were not see as a threat
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What happened on the 6th June 1944?
D-Day. Allied forced landed on the beaches of Normandy and opened a second front in the attack on German forces.
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What did the RAF and USAAF do during 1943-45?
Heavy bombing destroyed industrial sites, roads, bridges, and rail networks across Germany which disrupted the German War effort.
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What happened on the 16th April 1945?
The fall of Berlin by the Soviet Union
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Who was involved in the attack of Berlin?
1.5 million men, 6300 tanks and 8500 aircraft.
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How many members of Volksstrum defended the city on april 24th 1945?
100,000
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What was the outcome of the battle of Berlin?
2nd May- General Weilding ordered the surrender of German forces. 300,000 Soviet union troops were killed or wounded in the Battle of Berlin
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When did Hitler and Eva Braun commit Suicide?
30th April 1945
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When and how did the war end?
8th May 1945 - Dönitz agreed to the Allied terms of unconditional surrender which ended the Third Reich and war.
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How many soldiers and civilians were killed as the result of the war?
3.25 million soldiers 3.6 million civilians
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What percentage of homes were destroyed in Germany?
25%
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What was the German economy like after the war?
Money was worthless and people resulted to bartering.
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What was the Yalta OCnference?
held in February 1945. The leaders of the Allied countries decided that German were to be divided into 4 zones and Berlin too was to be divided. Nazi war criminals were to be hunted down. Liberated countries were to have free elections.
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What was the Potsdam Conference?
Held in July 1925 and was attended by the Allied leaders. it was decided that Germany were to be denazified; leaders were to be put on trial; ban the nazi party and demilitarise the country
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What were the nuremberg Trials?
21st November 1945. 22 senior ranking and 200 Nazis were put on trial. They were charged for comitting crimes against peace and humanity and war crimes.
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What were the event towards the denazification?
1. 10th October 1945 - Nazi Party dissolved 2. 1st December 1945 - German army dissolved 3. 12th january 1946 - Remove any Nazi figures from office 4. 13th May 1946- confiscation of all media associated with Nazism.
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What happened to Germany from 1947?
1. West Germany (The Federal republic of Germany)was introduced to capitalism and democracy. 2. East Germany (German Democratic Republic) was a communism dominant face.
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Card 2

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What benefits did the lightening war bring to Germany?

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Secured Germany supplies of raw materials, food, luxury goods.

Card 3

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What was introduced in 1939 in response to the policy of autarky?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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What effect did rationing have on Germans?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

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When did mass evacuation occur in Germany?

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