Unit 2 1613

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  • Created by: chellyd20
  • Created on: 21-01-20 19:53
Definition of Physical Activity
movement of skeletal muscles and increased energy expenditure
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Definition of Exercise
planned and structure, leisure time, increased energy expenditure, movement of skeletal muscles
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Examples of Physical Activity
Cleaning, gardening, walking to work
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What is exercise psychology
predicting exercise uptake and increase adherence
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What is sport psychology
increase performance
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Physical Benefits of Exercise and Physical activity
Cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, flexibility, reduced body fat
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Psychological Benefits of Exercise and Physical Activity
Social Integration, Relaxation, satisfaction, increased self-confidence
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Exercise on well being -Physiological hypotheses
increased blood flow, reduced muscle tension, change to neurotransmitter in the brain,
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Exercise on well being- Psychological hypthotheses
increased sense of control, social integration, fun and enjoyment
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Uk physical activity guidelines
active daily, over a week active at least 30 minutes a day for at least 5 days a week at a moderate intensity or 75 minutes a week of vigorous activity, reduce time stationary, improve muscular endurance at least twice a week
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Affect of age on exercise behaviour
older you become less exercise you partake in
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Affect of Previous experiences of exercise behaviour
If you exercised regularly as a kid then more likely to continue to do so when you're an adult
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Affect of socioeconomics on exercise behaviour
Reduced house hold income, means less likely to partake in activity, maybe can't afford the gym
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Affect of BMI on exercise behaviour
Increased BMI, then less likely to exercise, may be lacking in self-confidence to exercise in front of people
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Affects of Partners on exercise behaviour
You are more likely to maintain exercise programme if you are doing it with someone, can motivate each other
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Extrinsic motivation
rewards, such as trophies, cash prize, praise
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Intrinsic Motivation
value lies in your behaviour, enjoyment, self-determination
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Motives to be active when young vs being old
The young motive to be active is for health benefits, when older motives for psychological benefits, satisfaction, enjoyment, social integration
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Motives to be active when young in relation to parents
If a parent is active, then the child is more likely to be active, if parents not active then more likely to be less active, if both parents active then increased chance further of being active
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Direction related to motivation.
Extent which they choose to exercise
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Persistence related to motivation
the duration of exercise
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Continuity related to motivation
the degree at which they return to the exercise
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Intensity related to motivation
the effort put into the exercise
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Performance related to motivation
quality of the exercise
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Individual Barriers to exercise
self-confidence, not enough time, not fit enough
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Environmental Barriers to exercise
No transport links, not safe, not a gym, lack of partner
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Health Belief Model
Becker, 1974, engaging in activity depends on threat to health, e.g. disease
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Self-efficacy Theory
Bandura, 1977, exercise is engaged in as a result of a judgement about being able to carry out the behaviour
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Theory of reasoned action
Fishbein and Ajzen, 91975, attitudes and beliefs influence the engagement and maintenance of behaviour
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What is an attitude
tendencies to have positive and negative feelings of actions towards something
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Theory of Planned behaviour
Ajzen, 1985, perceived ability will have an affect whether someone engages in activity not just intent to engage in exercise behaviour
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Subjective norms
The perception or beliefs that other people important to them approve of them engaging in the behaving in the behaviour
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Perceived control
the perception of the person regarding how easy it will be, if they have the ability to carry it out, do I have the time.
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Behaviour intention
The strength in the persons intention to partake is the biggest influence
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Transtheoretical Model
Diclemente and Norcross, 1992, 6 stages of change to starting and maintaining an exercise programme
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1st stage of Transtheoretical model
Precontemplation stage, doesn't intend to exercise in the next 6months , lack of knowledge and ability
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2nd stage of Transtheoretical model
Contemplation, has intention to begin exercise but can be In this age for a long time, thinks about it but does nothing about it
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3rd stage of Transtheoretical model
Preparation stage:Little exercise, not regular
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4th stage of Transtheoretical model
Action stage:regularly exercises 3 or more times a week for at least 20 minutes, done it for less than 6 months, unstable and more likely to give up
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5th stage of Transtheoretical model
MAintanence stage, exercise regularly and done for over 6 months, likely to lose focus and get tedious
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6th stage of Transtheoretical model
Termination: left the progressive cycle, not exited the healthy behaviour altogether
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Seasonal influence on exercise behaviour
increased gym memberships purchase in January and august, new year new me resolution and summer body for holidays
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

planned and structure, leisure time, increased energy expenditure, movement of skeletal muscles

Back

Definition of Exercise

Card 3

Front

Cleaning, gardening, walking to work

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

predicting exercise uptake and increase adherence

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

increase performance

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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