Triple Chemistry

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Created by: Eloise
Created on: 03-03-16 17:21

Water hardness is caused by what?

Calcium and Magnesium ions

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Name the properties of hard water

Forms scale in appliances, forms scum with soap and is difficult to make a good lather

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For calcium ions, name the compound responsible for temporary and permanent hard water

T: Calcium hydrogen carbonate P: Calcium sulphate

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Name some benefits of calcium hard water

Healthy bones and teeth. Lower risk of developing heart disease

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Name 3 ways of soften hard water and which hard water it softens

Boiling (temporary) Treating by washing soda (both) ion exchange column (both)

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Describe the two methods of water softening

WS: sodium carbonate precipitates ions IEC: sodium displaces ions, sodium replaced by washing with a salt solution

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What's in a filter jug cartridge?

Carbon (reduces chlorine and pesticides) Silver (discourages growth of bacteria) and ion exchange resin

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What is pure water? Why is it not used domestically?

Distilled water made by evaporating then condensing. Used in labs.Cost too much and use too much energy for domestic use

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Name the stages of water treatment

Screening (mesh screen removes big bits) Removal (chemicals added make solids and microbes stick) Filtration (water filtered through gravel beds) Chlorination (kills off any microbes)

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Why is fluorine and chlorine added to water? Why is this a problem?

F: Prevent tooth decay C: Prevent disease. Increase cancers and bone problems, mass medicate.

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How do we test the hardness of water?

Using a burette we had 1cm cubed of soap solution to water, put a bung on a and for 30 seconds. continue until a lasting lather is formed (covers surface for 30 seconds)

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