Mitosis is the dividing of cells to produce two daughter cells genetically identical to eachother. Which results in the formation of two genetically identical diploid body cells.
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Describe the cell cycle?/Mitosis as part of cell cycle
consists of interphase and mitosis.Beginning-diploid cell has 2 sets of chromosomes-come in pairs.DNA Replication occurs-each chromosome is copied and attached.Copies seperate and each daughter cell- same number of chromosome as parent-mitosis-IPMATC
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1)State the stages of mitosis
Prophase-nucleus-breaks down-spindle fibres. Metaphase-Chromosomes line up-spindle fibres-middle of cellAnaphase-copies seperated and moved to either end of spindle fibres
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2)State the stages of mitosis
Telophase-membrane forms-around each set of chromosomes-form nuclei Cytokineses- cell surface membrane forms to seperate 2 cells
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Describe the importance of Mitosis in Growth and Repair
Every living thing need to grow and repair-to stay alive.Organisms are multi cellular.Growth and Repair requires new cells-therefore requiring mitosis.
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Describe the importance of Mitosis in Asexual Reproduction
Some organisms can reproduce with one parent. AR produces genetically identical offspring which are clones.Cells have same chromosomes as parents-genetically identical.
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Describe Cancer as the result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled cell divison
Changes in cells-sometimes cause cancer-cells undego uncontrollable cell division.Create lumos of cell-tumours.Need mitosis-chromosomes copied-identical-no change
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Cell Differentiation
Process which changes less specialised cells into more specialised cells.
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Elongation and Differentiation in Plants
A group of cells near the end of each shoot and root allows plants to keep growing.Cells-meristems. these cells-divide rapidly-mitosis. Cells produced increase in length-Elongation and the differentiate into specialised cells-have different funtions
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Importance of cell differentiation in development of specialised cells
Specialised cell in plants-root hair cell & xylem cell Each kind of cell has certain features-adapted to its function.Different specialised cell in plant allow plant to carry out may different processes effectively.
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Function of embryonic stem cells
Cells of an early stage embryo-can produce any type of specialised cell.Can function as neurons, muscles, bone, blood cells
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Function of stem cells
Cells that divide over a long period of time to produce cells that then differentiate. Produce the type of specialised cell in the tissue around them.(Adult stem cell).ASC are in human tissue-grow and repair old or damaged cells.
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Function of Meristems in plants
Cells that divide over a long period of time to produce cells that then differentiate. In plants these are found in meristems. Able to produce any kind of specialised cell through out their life.
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Stem cells Advanatges
1) Provides great potential for discovering treatments and cures to disease. 2)Scientist/Doc can test millions of drugs without human/animal testing 3)Embryonic stem cell can develop into any type of specialised cell in the body.
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Stem cells Disadvanatges
1) May get rejected by immune system 2) If they continue to divide they could cause cancer after they have been replaced damaged cells 3) Pre-specialised cells can only make their stem cells-blood stem cells only make blood.
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Functions inside neurone
1)Sensory Receptors-Detects Stimulus 2)Sensory Neurone- Carries signal from receptor to spinal cord 3) Relay Neurone-Carries info from 1 part of the CNS to the effector 4)Effector (muscle)
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Explain the role of neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters transfer electrical impulses to another neutrone. Neurotransmitters gets released into the synaptic junction and bind to receptors on another neurone.
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Jobs of Parts of Neuron
1)Dendrite-Conduct electrical messages to the neuron cell body for the cell to function. 2) Axon- to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands. 3)Myelin sheath-increase conduction time-make faster signals
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Reflex Arc
Stimulus → Sensory Receptors(pain in skin cause impulses to be transmitted into SN) → Sensory Neurone → Spinal Cord → Relay Neurone → Motor Neurone (impulses from MN pass-muscle cells via synapses) →Effector( muscles-move-part of body away from pain)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Describe the cell cycle?/Mitosis as part of cell cycle
Back
consists of interphase and mitosis.Beginning-diploid cell has 2 sets of chromosomes-come in pairs.DNA Replication occurs-each chromosome is copied and attached.Copies seperate and each daughter cell- same number of chromosome as parent-mitosis-IPMATC
Card 3
Front
1)State the stages of mitosis
Back
Card 4
Front
2)State the stages of mitosis
Back
Card 5
Front
Describe the importance of Mitosis in Growth and Repair
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