speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the energy needed to make the reaction take place. The catalyst remains unchanged after the reaction and can carry out the same reaction many times.
1 of 16
Enzymes
Proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical pathways. Enzymes can act within cells (in respiration) and outwith cells (in digestion of food)
2 of 16
Metabolism
Refers to all the chemical reactions that make up the biochemical pathways in an organism. Each stage in a pathway is controlled by an enzyme
3 of 16
Inborn errors
Involve the abscencee of enzymes
4 of 16
Active site
Area of enzyme in which the catalysed reaction takes place
5 of 16
substrate
Chemical that the enzyme reacts with-
6 of 16
optimum temperature
The point that the reaction rate is fastest at (37 C)
7 of 16
products
Substrate is converted to this
8 of 16
denatured
The shape of the active site is altered as the temperature is too high. The reaction rate decreases and finally stops.
9 of 16
optimum pH
The pH at which the reaction rate is fastest. Pepsin has a pH of 2.
10 of 16
metabolic pathway
series of chemical reactions that follow on, one after another. Each stage in the pathway is controlled by an enzyme, with the product of one reaction becoming the substrate for the next reaction
11 of 16
inhibitors
Chemicals that lead to a decrease in the reaction rate of the enzyme
12 of 16
competitive inhibitor
A substrate which competes for the active site of enzyme molecules
13 of 16
non-competitive inhibitor
An enzyme inhibitor which attaches itself to part of an enzyme and alters the shape of its active site
14 of 16
activator
A substance essential for enzyme activity. This converts the enzyme from an inactive form to the active form.
15 of 16
co-enzyme
Mineral ions and vitamins that are required as activators
16 of 16
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical pathways. Enzymes can act within cells (in respiration) and outwith cells (in digestion of food)
Back
Enzymes
Card 3
Front
Refers to all the chemical reactions that make up the biochemical pathways in an organism. Each stage in a pathway is controlled by an enzyme
Back
Card 4
Front
Involve the abscencee of enzymes
Back
Card 5
Front
Area of enzyme in which the catalysed reaction takes place
Comments
No comments have yet been made