the conducting zone brings air to the site of external respiration what does this consist of?
nose, pharynx,trachea,larynx,bronchi,bronchioles and terminal bronchioles
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the respiratory zone is the main site of gas exchange what does it consist of?
respiratory bronchioles,alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli
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what is the function of the pharynx?
passage way, resonating chamber and houses the tonsils
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what is the larynx composed of?
9 pieces of cartilage
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what are the 4 layers of the trachea?
a mucous secreting epithelium called mucosa and 3 layers of cartilage (submucosa,hyaline cartilage and adventitia
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the respiratory bronchioles have epithelium composed of simple cuboidal what does the epithelium of the alveolar ducts,alveolar sac,s and alveoli
simple squamous
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the pulmonary lobules are wrapped in elastic connective tissue, what does each lobule contain?
lymohatic vessel, arteriole, venule and terminal bronchiole
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what does an alveolar sac comprise of?
two or more alveoli that share a common opening
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There are two types of alveolar cell type 1 and type 2 what do they consist of?
type 1: simple squamous epithelial cells and is the site of gas exchange, type 2 cells: cuboidal epithelial cells, microvilli, secrete surfactant and decrease surface tension
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How does the lung receive blood?
the lungs receive blood via two sets of arteries pulmonary arteries (carry deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to the lungs) and bronchial arteries (branch from the aorta and deliver oxygenated blood to the lungs
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what is ventilation perfusion coupling?
its the ratio of the amount of air reaching the alveoli to the amount of blood reaching the alveoli
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what are the different ways in which co2 is transported in the blood ?
7% dissolved in plasma as a gas-- 70% cinverted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase before dissociating in to bicarbonate and protons-- 23% is attached to Hb forming carbaminohaemoglobin (but not at the same site as oxygen)
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what are the 3 parts to respiration?
pulmonary ventilation, external pulmonary respiration( between alveoli and blood) and internal tissue respiration
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what does the rate of airflow and effort required depend on?
1)alveolar surface tension 2) compliance of the lungs 3) airway resistance
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what is boyles law?
the relationship between volume and pressure: pressure=1/volume
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what does the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depend on?
1)partial pressure difference of the gasses 2) SA available for gas exchange 3) diffusion distance 4) molecular weight and solubility of gasses.
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what does a high Po2 indicate
high saturation of oxygen ( more oxygen combines with Hb)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what does the lower respiratory tract consist of?
Back
larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
Card 3
Front
the conducting zone brings air to the site of external respiration what does this consist of?
Back
Card 4
Front
the respiratory zone is the main site of gas exchange what does it consist of?
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