The process that takes place in cells which releases energy from food molecules
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What is Glucose used for?
To fuel exercise
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What is Oxgen used for?
To break down the glucose to produce energy
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Whats the energy used for in respiration?
To make the muscles contract
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What are the two types of respiration called?
Aerobic and Anaerobic
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What are the waste products?
Carbon dioxide, Water and Lactic acid in anaerobic exercise
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When is aerobic respiration used?
Moderate activities eg jogging, walking etc when you exercise for a steady and comfortable rate, and the cardiovascular system can supply the muscles with oxgen when they need it.
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When is anaerobic respiration used?
Short intense activites eg sprinting, weightlifting etc the cardiovascular system can't supply enough oxygen to muscle cells.
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Whats the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose--Energy + Lactic acid
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What is lactic acid?
A mild poison, as it accumulates it causes muscle pain and cramp.
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What is oxgen debt?
After anaerobic activity oxygen is needed to neutralize the lactic acid. Rapid and deep breathing is needed for a short period after high intensity exercise in order to repay the debt. This also removes carbon dioxide which accumulates in the blood.
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What do the intercostal muscles do when you breathe in?
Contract to pull the chest walls up and out
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What does the diaphram do when you breathe in?
contract and flatten which increases the size of the chest
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What do the lungs do when you breathe in?
Increase in size, so pressure inside them falls, causes rush of air through nose or mouth.
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What do the intercostal muscles do when you breathe out?
Relax so that the walls move in and down
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What does the diaphram do when you breathe out?
Relax and bulges reducing the size of the chest
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What do the lungs do when you breathe out?
Decrease in sizr so the pressure inside them increases and air is pushed up the trachea and out the nose or mouth
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What are aveoli?
Bunches of tiny air sacks in the lungs
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How does gas exchange in the aveoli?
They are covered in capillaries which gases can pass through into the bloodstreem and back again.
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To measure the respiratiory system measure the:
-rate of breathing -the capacity of the lungs -the volume of air on each breath -the volume of air you breathe over time
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What is tidal volume?
the amount you breathe in and out in one normal breath
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What is respiratiory rate?
how many breaths you take per minute
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What is minute volume?
Volume of air you breathe in one minute
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What is the vital capacity?
Maximum volume of air you can breathe out after breathing in as much as you can
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What is the residual volume?
amount of air left in your lungs after you have breathed out as hard as you can
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