SCIENCE TEST

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Define an atom
The smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
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Define element
A substance made of only one type of atom
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Define compound
A substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together
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Define molecule
A substance made of more than one atom chemically bonded together (can be atoms of the same type )
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Define mixture
A substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together
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State the 3 subatomic particles
protons,neutrons,electrons
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State the masses of the subatomic particles
Protons:1 Neutrons:1 Electron :0
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State the relative charges of the subatomic particles
Protons:+1 Neutrons:0 Electron :-1
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How are the subatomic particles arranged in an atom
Protons and neutron in the nucleus,electrons orbiting in shells
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What is the atomic number of an atom ?
The number of protons in an atom
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What is the mass number of an atom
The number of protons +the number of neutrons in an atom
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How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom ?
mass number -atomic number
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How are the electrons arranged in atoms ?
Orbiting the nucleus in shells
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How many electrons can go in the first shell ?
2
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How many electrons can go in the second and third shell ?
8
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What are the groups in the periodic table ?
The columns ,numbered 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,0
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What can the group tell you about the electrons in an atom?
How many electrons in the outer shell .E.g carbon is in group 4 so has 4 electrons in the outer shell
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What are periods in the periodic table ?
The rows in the periodic tables
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What can the period tell you about the electrons in an atom?
How many shells in the outer shell .E.g carbon is in group 4 so has 4 electrons in the outer shell
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Why did Mendeleev put some elements in groups
Because they had similar chemical properties(e.g reacting violently in water)
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Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table
For elements that haven't been discovered yet
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In terms of electrons what do group 1 elements have in common ?
1 electron in the outer shell
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In terms of electrons what do group 7 elements have in common ?
7 electrons in the outer shell
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In terms of electrons what do group 0 elements have in common ?
Full outer shell
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What is more reactive ,lithium or sodium?
Sodium
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What is more reactive ,bromine or chlorine ?
Chlorine
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Define inert
Unreactive
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Explain why the noble gases are inert
They have full outer shells so they dont need to gain or loose electrons
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What is a trend ?
A pattern in properties
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State the trend in the melting point of the alkali metals
Get lower down the group
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Name LiOH
Lithium hydroxide
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Name KOH
Potassium hydroxide
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Explain why the group 1 elements are called alkali metals
They are metals that form alkalis when they react with water
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Complete the sentence :In covalent bonds ,electrons are ________
Shared
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In ionic bonds ,electrons are ____________
Transferred
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metal +Acid
salt+hydrogen gas
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metal hydroxide+acid
salt+water
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metal oxide +acid
salt+water
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metal carbonate +acid
salt+water +carbon dioxide
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What is the rate of a chemical reaction in terms of reactants ?
How quickly the reactants in a reaction are used up
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What is the rate of a chemical reaction in terms of products ?
How quickly the products in the reaction are formed
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What is the formula for a mean rate of reaction in terms reactants ?
quantity of reactant used/time taken
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What is the formula for a mean rate of reaction in terms of products ?
quantity of reactant product formed/time taken
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How do you measure the quantity of a reactant or a product ?
in grams or cm^3
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What are the two possible units for rate of reaction ?
g/s or cm^3/s
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What is collison theory ?
The theory that chemical reaction only occur when particles collide with suffiencient energy
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What factors can affect the rate of reaction ?
Temperature,concentration ,surface area of a solid ,pressure of gases
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State the effect of increasing the concentration on the rate of a reaction
Increases
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Explain why increasing the surface area increases the rate of a reaction
More particles are available to collide ,there are therefore more frequent collisions between reactants
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State the effect on increasing the concentration on the rate of reaction
Increases
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Explain why increasing the concentration increases the rate of reaction
More concentrated means more particles in solution ,therefore more frequent collision between reactants
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State the effect of increasing the pressure of a gas increases the rate of reaction
Increases
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Explain why increasing the pressure of a gas increases the rate of reaction
Less space for particles to move around in ,therefore more frequent collisions
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State the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of reaction
Increases
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What is a reversible reaction ?
A reaction which can go from reactants to products but also from products to reactants
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A chemical symbol that represents a reversible reaction ?
⇌
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Symbol for relative formula mass
Mr
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What is Avogadro's number ?
6.022 X 10^23
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What foluma relates to moles ,mass and Mr
Moles=mass/Mr
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What is an alpha particle ?
two protons and 2 neutrons
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What is a beta particle
an electron
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What is gamma radiation
A electromagnetic wave
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mass number ?
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
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atomic number ?
The number of protons in an atom(number of electrons is the same in a neutral atom )
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define element

Back

A substance made of only one type of atom

Card 3

Front

Define compound

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define molecule

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define mixture

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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