describe testosterone syntheisi and use in females
holesterol-proesterogen-testoserone- estradiol ( active form). testosterone to estradiol uses aromatase. produces pubic hair
4 of 23
describe ole of testosterone in males
enargement of laryanx and strenghting of vocal chords, increases body hair, thickens skin and bones, grows muscles
5 of 23
describe androgen receptor
DHT binds with AR. complex migrates to nucleus and binds with ARE (allows male gene phenotype expression). heat shock protien released
6 of 23
describe male sex hormone release and functions
GnRH released from hypothalmus, LH and FHS released from anterior lobe of pituatry gland, casues sex hormones to be released. secondary sex characterics and sperm cell production
7 of 23
difference in f/m sex hormone release
both LH and FSH cause gamete production- only FSH in males
8 of 23
where are female sex hormones and germ cells released from
the ovary
9 of 23
what is ovulation, when does this happen
maturation ofovary follile, day 14-end follicular phase
10 of 23
what is phase after ovulation- what happens
leutical phase- corpus lumen form and degrades until new cycle and next follicular phase
11 of 23
what hormones are high during ovulation, what does this mean
LH and estrogen- supports egg maturation
12 of 23
what hormones are high when the corpus lumen is formed?
proestrogen
13 of 23
describe mensturation- what are the hormone levels
breakdown of uterine lining as the eggs was unused. start of follicular phase. estrogen levels low. preps for new cycle
14 of 23
name two ovarian steriod hormones
estrogens and proesterogens
15 of 23
describe estrogens and the different forms
relased from granulosa cells of mature tertiary folicles. E2 is main form. E1 is high in menopause. E3 is high in pregnancy
16 of 23
describe the work of the estrogen receptor (ER)
estrogen - er complex binds to dna hormone response lements and allows target gene transcription
17 of 23
what are estrogen effects (6)
matures germ cells, protects heart from cholesterol, provison of hormonal influences for lactation and mestral cycle timing, prevents osteoprosis, develops reprodutive systme and secondary sex characterics
18 of 23
describe menopause and its effects
ovaries fail to respond to fsh so folicle levels drop.increased lh and fsh to compesnate so hot flushes. dropped estrogen means less oestroprerosis protection
19 of 23
male vs female bladder differnecs , what are the consequences
male has internal sphincter, female has external. females more prone to uti's.
20 of 23
what is role of sphincter
allows urethra to open and close to empty bladder
21 of 23
what is mictrication, from where is it facilated and where is it inhibited
process is which urine is relased from bladder. faciliated- pons, posterior , hypothalmus. inhibited- mid brain
22 of 23
describe the three nerve supply to the bladder and type of stimulation
1. hypogastric nerves- sympathetic 2. pelvic nerves- parasympathetic 3.pudenal nerves- sensory ( can be controlled)
23 of 23
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
name a weaker androgen, where is it producd
Back
DHEA, adrenal cortex
Card 3
Front
describe syntheisi of testosterone in males
Back
Card 4
Front
describe testosterone syntheisi and use in females
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