PY1 methodology.

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  • Created by: bananaaar
  • Created on: 14-04-14 12:58
Lab experiment description?
The .. approach favours using lab experiments. These are controlled studies carried out under artificial conditions where the IV is manipulated to see the affect on the DV. (example)
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Lab experiments advantage?
Highly reliable. It produces quantitative data so that comparisons and predictions can be made... TST the method can be repeated/retested to check the consistency of results.
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Lab experiment: BA examples:
advantage - Banduras SLT experiment tested the affect of adult role models (IV) on the child's behaviour (DV). Disadvantage - children were in artificial environment watching role models (wouldnt usually happen in real life)
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Lab experiment: CA examples?
advantage - in stroop test the word colour (IV) was manipulated to see the effect on the time taken to read the colour (DV). disadvantage - Bandura's pps wouldnt have to remember strange story in real life situations.
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Lab experiment: BioA examples?
advantage - Selye tested the physiological effects of stressors (IV) on rats physiological reactions (DV). disadvantage - rats wouldnt usually be subject to intense morphine injections/extreme temperatures in real life.
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Case studies description?
The ... approach also favours using case studies. These give a unique insight into the workings of the mind as a psychologist can build up in depth detailed investigations into one person or group of people. (example)
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Case studies advantage?
High in external validity. The study looks in detail at one specific client/group... TST the method paints a true picture of real life behaviour.
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Case studies disadvantage?
Ethical issues. pps in research could be mistreated and face potential psychological harm as a result... TST breaks ethical guidelines.
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Case studies advantage example CA?
Clive Wearing was investigated in detail in order to gain an in-depth understanding of his condition and how the viral infection had affected his memory.
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Case studies advantage example PA?
Little Hans was investigated in order to gain an in-depth understanding of his fear of horses due and how the oedipus complex affected his adult personality.
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Case studies disadvantage example CA?
Clive Wearing may suffer distress and embarrassment when he is being questioned in-depth about his memory loss and was often frustrated when he could not remember writing in his journal.
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Case studies disadvantage example PA?
Anna O may have suffered distress and trauma when asked about her hysteria as she may be reminded about her condition and feel embarrassed, thus is not protected from psychological harm.
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Animal studies description?
The ... approach also favours using animal studies. These allow comparisons between humans and animals which have similar biological responses. (e.g. Skinner used rats to test his hypothesis of operant conditioning - thought they learn same as huma
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Animal studies advantage?:
Scientific. There is manipulation of variables as animals are tested under identical controlled conditions. E.g. Skinners rats in same box with lever, all rewarded with pellets. TST method is objective
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Animal studies disadvantage?
Doesn't account for individual differences. It incorrectly suggests animals and humans are the same (generalisability). E.g. SKinner -humans and rates behaved the same -didnt account for differences. TST does not allow for personalised outcomes/treat
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Brain scans description?
The ... approach also favours using brain scans. These allow psychologists to determine which areas of the brain are most active.PET scans help identify inactive/active parts of brain due to radioactive glucose being given to pps.
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Brain scans advantage?
Scientific. There is control of variables in a setting where confounding variables are removed... e.g. pps told not to eat before the scan/drink achohol. TST method is objective.
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Brain scans disadvantage?
Ethical issues - the method is not widely availiable to all patients. E.g. not all patients would agree to have radioactive glucose being given to them so not availiable to all. TST breaks ethical guidelines.
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Clinical interviews description?
The ... approach favours using clinical interviews. These allow trust to be established between the client and therapist so that the patient can give an open account of their problems. (Wolfman giving open account of reccurring dreams)
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Clinical interviews advantage?
Accounts for individual differences. Allows differentiation between patients based on early childhood experiences. TST method allows for personalised outcomes and treatments.
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Clinical interviews disadvantage?
Low on reliability. No quantitative data is produced so there is little consistency between patients. Ratman did not produce any quantitative data, only qualitative so cannot be compared to other patients such as Wolfman. TST method cant be repeated
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Clinical interviews advantage example?
E.g. Little Hans oedipus complex with fear of horses different to Dora's dream about the fire due to attempted sexual abuse.
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Card 2

Front

Lab experiments advantage?

Back

Highly reliable. It produces quantitative data so that comparisons and predictions can be made... TST the method can be repeated/retested to check the consistency of results.

Card 3

Front

Lab experiment: BA examples:

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Lab experiment: CA examples?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Lab experiment: BioA examples?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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