psychodynamic assumption
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- Created by: mahnoor_kf
- Created on: 07-09-23 18:32
what is an Id? (1)
the pleasure principal which controls
the impulsive and unconscious part of our
personality and is present from birth. A
dominant Id could lead to a psychopathic
personality type.
the impulsive and unconscious part of our
personality and is present from birth. A
dominant Id could lead to a psychopathic
personality type.
1 of 21
What is an ego?(1)
the reality principal which controls
the conscious, rational part of the mind. This
develops around the age of two. A dominant
ego could lead to a narcissistic personality
type.
the conscious, rational part of the mind. This
develops around the age of two. A dominant
ego could lead to a narcissistic personality
type.
2 of 21
What is the superego? (1)
the morality principle which
encompasses the sense of right and wrong.
This is the final part of the personality to
develop and this occurs around the age of
four. A dominant superego could lead to a
neurotic personality type.
encompasses the sense of right and wrong.
This is the final part of the personality to
develop and this occurs around the age of
four. A dominant superego could lead to a
neurotic personality type.
3 of 21
Describe what happens at the oral stage (2)
birth- 18 months
focus: mouth
fustrated: pessimism, sarcasm and envy
over indulged: optimistic, gullible, needy
focus: mouth
fustrated: pessimism, sarcasm and envy
over indulged: optimistic, gullible, needy
4 of 21
Describe what happens at the Anal stage?(2)
18 months - 3 years
Focus: Anal
Frustrated: stubborn, possessive, overly tidy
Overindulged: messy, disorganised, reckless
Focus: Anal
Frustrated: stubborn, possessive, overly tidy
Overindulged: messy, disorganised, reckless
5 of 21
Describe what happens at the Phallic stage? (2)
3 years - 5 years
Focus : genitals
Frustrated: self- assured, vain , difficulty managing relationships
Focus : genitals
Frustrated: self- assured, vain , difficulty managing relationships
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Describe what happens at the Latency stage?(2)
5 years- puberty
Focus:
No fixations
Focus:
No fixations
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Describe what happens at the Genital stage?(2)
puberty onwards
Focus: little/ no sexual movement
Focus: little/ no sexual movement
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What is the iceberg metaphor? (3)
This iceberg metaphor is used
to represent the unconscious mind as
he believed most of what goes on inside
the mind is below the surface and is
unconscious. The bit above the water (the
surface) represents the conscious mind and
this is what we are
to represent the unconscious mind as
he believed most of what goes on inside
the mind is below the surface and is
unconscious. The bit above the water (the
surface) represents the conscious mind and
this is what we are
9 of 21
What did Freud suggest about the unconscious mind? (3)
Freud suggested that the unconscious
it has unresolved conflicts and the conflicts influence our behaviour. Conflict
between the Id, Ego and Superego
create anxiety. To protect the ego (the
self) Freud believed that we have ego
defence mechanisms.
it has unresolved conflicts and the conflicts influence our behaviour. Conflict
between the Id, Ego and Superego
create anxiety. To protect the ego (the
self) Freud believed that we have ego
defence mechanisms.
10 of 21
What is the tripartite personality example? (1)
criminals are ruled by
their Id and their superego is suppressed.
Criminals, particularly those who commit
violent offences, often lack a sense of
morality and remorse, and seek immediate
pleasure and gratification regardless of the
costs.Eysenck fu
their Id and their superego is suppressed.
Criminals, particularly those who commit
violent offences, often lack a sense of
morality and remorse, and seek immediate
pleasure and gratification regardless of the
costs.Eysenck fu
11 of 21
What is the influence of childhood experiences, for example? (2)
Freud believed fixations at the oral stage of development could lead to an eating disorder in adulthood or an addiction such as alcohol or smoking. A fixation at the anal
stage of development could lead to an adult
developing an anal personality type an
stage of development could lead to an adult
developing an anal personality type an
12 of 21
What is the unconscious mind example? (3)
Gothelf et al. (1995) found that regression,
denial, projection and repression were
common to psychiatric patients suffering
from severe adolescence anorexia and
distinguished them from adolescents
without any psychiatric disorder. It was
found that
denial, projection and repression were
common to psychiatric patients suffering
from severe adolescence anorexia and
distinguished them from adolescents
without any psychiatric disorder. It was
found that
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What happens if the Id becomes more dominant?
(1)
(1)
If the Id is most dominant, it
can lead to a power control
relationship which can be
aggressive and domineering,
making it traumatic for the
partner.
can lead to a power control
relationship which can be
aggressive and domineering,
making it traumatic for the
partner.
14 of 21
What happens if the ego is more dominant?
(1)
(1)
If the ego is most dominant,
it can lead to the individual
having an overinflated sense
of ego and put themselves first
neglecting their partner which
is detrimental for maintaining a
healthy relationship.
it can lead to the individual
having an overinflated sense
of ego and put themselves first
neglecting their partner which
is detrimental for maintaining a
healthy relationship.
15 of 21
What happens if the superego is more dominant?
(1)
(1)
If the superego is most
dominant, it can lead to
lower levels of satisfaction in
relationship and marital quality.
dominant, it can lead to
lower levels of satisfaction in
relationship and marital quality.
16 of 21
How can childhood experiences impact relationships? (2)
Using the ‘childhood experiences’ assumption of the psychodynamic approach, the formation of romantic relationships can be explained through the progression through the psychosexual stages of development. According to Freud, if a child successfully progre
17 of 21
Describe an trigger in childhood which has an impact on the future? (2)
For example, if a child is fixated at the oral stage of development and
is overindulged, it could result in an unhealthy over dependence on
others in adulthood. If this is the case, this adult could become ‘needy’
in a relationship and seek constant re
is overindulged, it could result in an unhealthy over dependence on
others in adulthood. If this is the case, this adult could become ‘needy’
in a relationship and seek constant re
18 of 21
What happens if a fixation occurs during the phallic stage? (2)
If a
fixation occurs during this stage it could pose problems in forming
relationships in adulthood. Freud proposed the idea of an Oedipus
complex based on the Greek mythical King Oedipus who killed his
If a
if a fixation occurs during this st
fixation occurs during this stage it could pose problems in forming
relationships in adulthood. Freud proposed the idea of an Oedipus
complex based on the Greek mythical King Oedipus who killed his
If a
if a fixation occurs during this st
19 of 21
How does the Oedipus come resolved? (2)
The Oedipus complex needs to be resolved to move successfully to
the next stage of development: the latency stage. It becomes resolved
when the boy no longer sees his father as a rival and instead sees the
father as a role model. If no fixations occur
the next stage of development: the latency stage. It becomes resolved
when the boy no longer sees his father as a rival and instead sees the
father as a role model. If no fixations occur
20 of 21
What happens when a person struggles when coming to terms with their sexuality? (3)
If a person is struggling to come
to terms with their sexuality
in adulthood, they may use a
defence mechanism to protect
the ego. Denial may be used
whereby the individual will
deny their sexuality and form
relationships with people they
aren’t h
to terms with their sexuality
in adulthood, they may use a
defence mechanism to protect
the ego. Denial may be used
whereby the individual will
deny their sexuality and form
relationships with people they
aren’t h
21 of 21
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is an ego?(1)
Back
the reality principal which controls
the conscious, rational part of the mind. This
develops around the age of two. A dominant
ego could lead to a narcissistic personality
type.
the conscious, rational part of the mind. This
develops around the age of two. A dominant
ego could lead to a narcissistic personality
type.
Card 3
Front
What is the superego? (1)
Back
Card 4
Front
Describe what happens at the oral stage (2)
Back
Card 5
Front
Describe what happens at the Anal stage?(2)
Back
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