Mechanism (Causation)
Development (ontogeny)
Evolution (phylogeny)
Adaptive Value (function)
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Theory of evolution
The only scientific explanation for the diversity of life
The fundamental unifying scientific concept to explain the natural world
Explains similarities across different life forms, change that occur within populations, and the development of new forms
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Problems with the Theory of Evolution
History: distantly related species with striking similaritiesm, homologies, analogies
Design: species are perfectly designed for the task they perform and the environment which they perform them
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4 element of natural selection
Variation: individuals are similar but not identical. Minor variations in traits (physical or behavioural)
Heredity: traits being passed down from parents to offspring
Competition: for scarce resources. Not all have the same success in reproduction (gene
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Sexual Selection
the process whereby physical and behavioural characteristics which promote reporductive success are passed on to descendants
Intrasexual selection (contest): members of the same sex compete for access to member s of the oppposite sex
Intersexual selection
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DNA
Genetic Material
Double helix
Consists of: the sugar deocyribose, phosphoric acid, 4 base pairs (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cyctosine)
nucleotides: basic structure
make proteins
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Gene
fundamental unit of heredity
segment of DNA that occupies a specific site on a chromosome
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Allele
A variation of a gene that affects the functionality of the protein produced by the gene
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Zygosity
the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait
Homozygous: gene with identical alleles of a specific trait (** or **)
Heterozygous: gene with two different alleles of a specific trait (**)
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Chromosomes
threadlike structures in the nucleus that carry genetic information
humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
Sex chromosomes: Male (XY), Female (**)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The only scientific explanation for the diversity of life
The fundamental unifying scientific concept to explain the natural world
Explains similarities across different life forms, change that occur within populations, and the development of new forms
Back
Theory of evolution
Card 3
Front
History: distantly related species with striking similaritiesm, homologies, analogies
Design: species are perfectly designed for the task they perform and the environment which they perform them
Back
Card 4
Front
Variation: individuals are similar but not identical. Minor variations in traits (physical or behavioural)
Heredity: traits being passed down from parents to offspring
Competition: for scarce resources. Not all have the same success in reproduction (gene
Back
Card 5
Front
the process whereby physical and behavioural characteristics which promote reporductive success are passed on to descendants
Intrasexual selection (contest): members of the same sex compete for access to member s of the oppposite sex
Intersexual selection
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