What is the name of a disorder caused by faulty dominant allele of a single gene?
Huntington's disease
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What is the name of a disorder caused by faulty recessive allele of a single gene?
Cystic fibrosis
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What are the symptoms of Huntington's disease?
Symptoms of Huntington’s disease are: late onset, tremor, clumsiness, memory loss, inability to concentrate, mood changes
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What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
Symptoms of Cystic fibrosis are: thick mucus, difficulty breathing, chest infections, difficulty in digesting food
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What are the implications of having one recessive allele (in a pair of alleles) for cystic fibrosis?
A person with one recessive allele (in a pair of alleles) will not show the symptoms of the disorder, but is a carrier and can pass the recessive allele to their children
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Using a Punnett square state the chance of a child having cystic fibrosis if both the parents are heterozygous ?
25% chance of offspring having cystic fibrosis
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26. Using a Punnett square state the chance of a child having Huntington’s Disease if the father is heterozygous and the mother is homozygous recessive
50% chance of offspring having Huntington's disease
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What are the uses of genetic testing for screening adults, children and embryos?
The uses of genetic testing for screening adults, children and embryos are for: a) testing embryos for embryo selection (pre-implantation genetic diagnosis), b) predictive testing for genetic diseases, c) testing individuals before prescribing drugs,
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What are the implications of testing adults and fetuses for alleles that cause genetic disorders?
Implications of genetic testing are: a) risk of miscarriage, b) Inaccurate results (false positives and negatives), c) whether or not to have children at all, d) should the pregnancy be terminated, e) should other members of the family be informed
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What are the implications of testing embryos for embryo selection prior to implantation?
Embryos with genetic disorders are discarded and the testing could potentially damage the embryo.
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What are the implications of others using the results of a person’s genetic test?
Employers might discriminate against those who have or might potentially have a genetic disorder e.g. not employing them as they are worried they might need time off. Insurance companies also might refuse life insurance or make it really expensive
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How do bacteria, plants and some animals reproduce?
Bacteria, plants and some animals can reproduce asexually to form clones
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What is a clone?
Clones are individuals with identical genes
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What are any differences between clones likely to be due to?
Any differences between clones are likely to be due only to environmental factors
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How does cloning occur naturally in plants?
Clones of plants occur naturally when plants produce bulbs or runners
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How does cloning occur naturally in animals?
Cloning occurs naturally in animals when cells of an embryo separate to form identical twins
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How does cloning occur artificially in animals?
Cloning occurs artificially in animals when the nucleus from an adult body cell is transferred to an empty unfertilised egg cell
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What happens to the majority of cells in multicellular organisms during the early development of the organism?
The majority of cells of multicellular organisms become specialised during the early development of the organism.
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What are the two different types of stem cells and explain the difference between them?
There are different types of stem cells: a) adult stem cells which are unspecialised cells that can develop into many (but not all) types of cells and b) embryonic stem cells which are unspecialised cells that can develop into any type of cell
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What are the potential uses of stem cells from embryos and adults as a result of them being unspecialised?
Adult stem cells (from bone marrow) are already used to treat blood diseases. In the future it is hoped that embryonic stem cells could be used to make new cells/tissues/organs e.g. for heart disease, diabetes or people paralysed
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the name of a disorder caused by faulty recessive allele of a single gene?
Back
Cystic fibrosis
Card 3
Front
What are the symptoms of Huntington's disease?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
Back
Card 5
Front
What are the implications of having one recessive allele (in a pair of alleles) for cystic fibrosis?
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