Muscle Tissue 3 - Cardiovascular System

?
  • Created by: yasminw24
  • Created on: 05-01-18 17:46
What are the specific features of cardiac muscle tissue?
Interacalated disks to contract simultaneously, involuntary, single nuclues, has striations
1 of 28
Where is cardiac muscle found?
Only in heart
2 of 28
What is the structure of the heart like?
Enclosed in pericardial sac. Pericardial cavity is serous membrane. Inner layer of cavity is epicardium. Muscle layer of heart is myocardium. Inner layer of heart is endocardium
3 of 28
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right Atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
4 of 28
What is the main function of valves?
To ensure blood flow is one way
5 of 28
What are the stages of cardiac cycles?
Atria fills passively, atria contracts, all valves close, isovolumetric phase of contraction, pressure builds in ventricular chambers, semilunar valves open, ventricles eject blood, ventricles relax all valves close
6 of 28
What is another name for pacemaker cells?
Sinoatrial node
7 of 28
What are pacemaker cells?
They are specialised cardiac muscle with few myofibrils instead they conduct impulses
8 of 28
Why does the heart have its own blood supply?
It is so active and needs thick walls made up of lots of muscle. Thick walls mean little diffusion of nutrients can take place through them. Therefore, it has to have its own way of getting nutrients. 5% of circulating blood for heart,0.5% of weight
9 of 28
What are the three major types of blood vessels?
Arteries, Veins, Capillaries
10 of 28
What is the main function of the artery?
Blood away from heart
11 of 28
What is main function of capillaries?
Nutrient and waste product exchange
12 of 28
What is main function of veins?
Drain the capillary bed and empty into the heart
13 of 28
What are the three layers of blood vessel structure?
Tunica Intima (innermost layer), Tunica Media (the middle layer), Tunica Adventitia (the outermost layer)
14 of 28
What are the characteristics of tunica intima?
Has squamous cells is endothelium tissue. Reduces friction by having smooth flat surfaces to allow laminar blood flow. Basement membrane, very weak
15 of 28
What are the characteristics of tunica media?
Circularly arranged cells (sheets of elastin) of smooth muscle. It expands & recoil so it can vascoconstrict and vasodilate to control blood pressure
16 of 28
What are the characteristics of tunica adventitia?
Loose connective tissue of extra cellular matrix. Protects and stops vessels bursting or tearing. Anchors and supports small veins. Contains nerves, lymphatics, vaso vasorum
17 of 28
What is vaso vasorum?
Vessel of vessels. A network of small vlood vessels that supply the walls of large blood vessels such as aorta and venae cavae
18 of 28
What are arterioles?
Small-diameter blood vessels in the microcirculation that extend and branch out from an artery and leads to a capillary
19 of 28
What are venules?
Small blood vessels in the microcirculation that allow blood to return from capillary beds into large blood vessels
20 of 28
What are the characteristics of capillaries?
Smallest blood vessel & are composed of only thin tunia intima. Only fit one red blood cell through. Allows for rapid diffusion
21 of 28
How do substances move from blood to tissue?
1. Filtration between enthodelial cell pores 2. Diffusion across cells 3. Inclusion in vesicles 4. Through gaps between cells
22 of 28
What is the function of sphincters?
To control amount of blood in tissues. They open to allow blood flow in capillaries & close to direct blood straight to veins
23 of 28
What are the characteristics of veins?
Walls thinner and lumens larger than corresponing arteries
24 of 28
What are valves?
Folds in tunica intima which prevent back flow of blood & are predominant in the lower limb
25 of 28
How does blood flow in veins if they are located in lower limbs?
At a low pressure and so require the skeletal muscle to help move it
26 of 28
Where are lympathic vessels located and what is their function?
Weave between tissue cells & capillaries. They collect excess protein-containing interstitial fluid that has leaked from blood system & returns it. Form one way system to heart
27 of 28
What is the myocardium?
Thick wall of cardiac muscle tissue which conducts signals and contracts to pump blood
28 of 28

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Back

Only in heart

Card 3

Front

What is the structure of the heart like?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the main function of valves?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biotechnology resources:

See all Biotechnology resources »See all Cardiovascular Systems resources »