Changes in the heritable properties of a living organism occur randomly at a low frequency and are passed on to their progeny
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Natural Selection
Beneficial changes are more likely to be passed on to future generations
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Conjugation
transfer of genes from a donor cell to a recipient cell by direct cell-to-cell contact; mediated by a fertility plasmid, which encodes for a sex pilus; a strand of DNA is transferred and the complementary one is synthesized in both cells
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Transduction
Transfer by viral delivery
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Transformation
transfer of free DNA to a bacteria cell;
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Vertical Gene Transfer
Gene transfer by cell division
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Purpose of Gene transfer
increase in cell metabolism or functional capacity
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Natural competence
the ability of a bacteria to take up free DNA; usually a response to nutrient starvation
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Sex Pilus
establishes initial link between the donor and the recepient cells; by contraction, it brings cell together for surface contact
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Recombination by transduction
Degraded host DNA can be mistakenly taken up by phages who then inject it into another cell, causing recombination (it survives)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Beneficial changes are more likely to be passed on to future generations
Back
Natural Selection
Card 3
Front
transfer of genes from a donor cell to a recipient cell by direct cell-to-cell contact; mediated by a fertility plasmid, which encodes for a sex pilus; a strand of DNA is transferred and the complementary one is synthesized in both cells
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