Growth factor signalling and cancer 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyOncology UniversityNone Created by: Moyo OlukogaCreated on: 31-03-14 00:39 Characteristics of cancer cell Immortal, no contact inhibition, metastasise, dedifferentiated, loss of genetic ability to stop division 1 of 22 Growth factor definition Naturally occurring polypeptide that stimulates growth, differentiation, migration and cell division 2 of 22 Growth factors bind and activate Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKS) 3 of 22 EGFR stands for Epidermal Growth factor receptor 4 of 22 FGFR stands for Fibroblast Growth factor receptor 5 of 22 Describe general activation of RTKs Lecture 5, page 2 slide 2 6 of 22 What mechanisms of RTK over-activation lead to oncogenic transforation Chromosomal translocation, gene amplification, impaired degradation and gain of function mutation 7 of 22 The Philadelphia chromosome forms as a result of Translocation between chrom 9 (ABL gene) and chrom 22 (BCR) 8 of 22 How does Gleevec work Binds ATP binding site on RTK, ATP can no longer bind and activate the RTK domain. Signalling cascade is stopped 9 of 22 Name an EGFR orphan receptor HER2 10 of 22 Which EGFR family members form heterodimers? HER2 and EGFR 11 of 22 How does HER2 prevent endocytosis Forms heterodimer with EGFR 12 of 22 How does binding of EGF cause EGFR dimerisation? Relieving autoinhibition 13 of 22 What four signalling cascades are involved in EGFR signalling? Ras/MAP-K, STATs, PLC-gamma and PI3K/Akt 14 of 22 Name an oncoproteins in the Ras/MAPK pathways and their effect Ras or Raf or Ap-1 / Cell proliferation, increase cell survival and migration 15 of 22 Although signalling can seize through ligand-induced endocytosis of EGFR, what can still drive signalling? Receptors endocytosed which are are signally from the endosomes 16 of 22 Name a a type of cancer EGFR over-expression can be seen in Mammary carcinomas or Oral carcinomas or Head and neck cancer 17 of 22 EGFR therapeutic targets Herceptin, Erbitux, Pentacyclic triterpenes 18 of 22 How is FGFR activated Lecture 5, page 5, slide 4 19 of 22 ______ terminates FGFR signalling Endocytosis 20 of 22 The possible mechanism for deregulated FGF signalling are Activating mutations, overexpression of receptor, autocrine or paracrine secretion of FGF 21 of 22 FGFR therapeutic targets FGF8 and Masitinib 22 of 22
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