Key Terms Unit 1 Chapter 6

The cell cycle and cell division

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Chromatid
One of the two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere prior to cell division
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Centromere
Specialised region where two chromatids join and to which microtubules of the spindle at cell division
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Diploid
Having two complete sets of chromosomes
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Haploid
Having one complete set of chromosomes
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Homologous
The chromosomes in a homologous pair are identical in size and carry the same gene loci, with genes for the same characteristics. One chromosome of each pair comes from each parent
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Mitosis
A type of cell division in which the two daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and are genetically identical with each other and the parent cell
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Oncogene
A gene with the potential to cause cancer
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Meiosis
A two-stage cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that produces four genetically distinct daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
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Chiasma (plural=chiasmata)
The site, as seen in the light microscope, at which chromosomes exchange DNA in genetic crossing over
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Independent assortment
Either of a pair of homologous chromosomes moves to either pole at anaphase 1 of meiosis, independently of the chromosomes of other homologous pairs
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Specialised region where two chromatids join and to which microtubules of the spindle at cell division

Back

Centromere

Card 3

Front

Having two complete sets of chromosomes

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Having one complete set of chromosomes

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The chromosomes in a homologous pair are identical in size and carry the same gene loci, with genes for the same characteristics. One chromosome of each pair comes from each parent

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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