Temperature - Mercury is pushed around by the expansion and contraction of alcohol. As the mercury moves it pushes two small steel markers, which mark the max and min temperatures of a 24h period.
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Wet-Dry Bulb Thermometer
Humidity - The evaporation of the wet bulb lowers its reading. Both bulbs will have the same reading if the air is saturated. If the air is not saturated, water will evaporate, meaning the wet bulb will have a lower reading.
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Wind Vane
Wind Direction - The weight of the vane is evenly distributed, but the surface area is not, allowing to move freely. The larger surface area is blown away from the wind, so the pointer is facing the direction the wind.
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Campbell Stokes Recorder
Sunshine hours - This glass ball focuses the sun's rays onto a card mounted at the back. The card is marked/burned as to the hour.
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Steveson Screen
Temp and Humidity - This is a shelter designed to hold various instruments. It is painted white, built off the ground and the sides and floor are made of slats to allow free circulation of air.
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Rain Gauge
Precipitation - This consists of a funnel attached to measuring tube. Rain Gauges should be placed in an isolated area away from any obstruction.
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Barometer
Air Pressure - Balances the weight of mercury in a glass tube against atmospheric pressure. If the weight is less, the mercury rises, and visa versa. The level continues to change until the weight is exactly equal to the air above the reservoir.
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Anemometer
Wind Speed - The air flows into the cups, which turns the cups proportional to the wind speed. Counting the turns of the cups over a set period of time produces the average speed for a wide range of speeds.
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Explain how Latitude affects temperature
Places near the equator are much warmer thean places near to the poles. This due to the curvature of the Earth and the angle of the sun. At the equator, the sun is always high in the sky.
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Explain how Distance from the sea affects temperature
Since the sea is less dense than ;and, it takes longer to heat up. Once warmed, however, it retains heat for much longer and cools down more slowly than land in Winter,
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Explain how Ocean Currents affects temperature
Many coastal areas are affected by ocean. The North Atlantic Drift is a warm current of water which originates in the gulf of Mexico.
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Describe a Cirrus Cloud
Located between 16-5,000m, the cirrus cloud is found all over the world. It is thin, wispy in appearance and moves fairly quickly.
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Describe a Stratus Cloud
Located below 2000m, the stratus cloud is usually grey or hazy in colour. It moves fast and can produces light rain and snow.
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Describe a Cumulus cloud
Located between 600-1,200m, a cumulus cloud looks like a lump of cotton woo. It can produce rain and has a short life cycle.
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Describe a Cumulonimbus Cloud
These clouds are located from the top to the bottom of the troposphere. It produces rain, thunder and lightning. They are usually found in spring and summer.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Wet-Dry Bulb Thermometer
Back
Humidity - The evaporation of the wet bulb lowers its reading. Both bulbs will have the same reading if the air is saturated. If the air is not saturated, water will evaporate, meaning the wet bulb will have a lower reading.
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