People appointed by the King to advise on state matters.
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How did the Privy Chamber increase in importance during the reign of Henry VIII?
Staffed by younger courtiers (minions), took over management of King's affairs from Chamber
2 of 30
How was Henry VIII's government different to that of his father?
Henry VIII hated paperwork (delegated most of this to advisers),
3 of 30
1487
Star Chamber Act
4 of 30
What was Wolsey's motive within the Star Chamber from 1516?
Increase cheap + fair justice
5 of 30
When was the Act of Resumption passed and what did it do?
1515 - returned lands granted away @ beginning of wars of the roses
6 of 30
How did Wolsey change the way subsides were collected?
Used national committee instead of possibly biased local commissioners
7 of 30
1525
Amicable Grant
8 of 30
Why was the Amicable Grant needed?
To pay for war vs Fr. w/o calling parliament
9 of 30
Where was the most serious resistance as part of the Amicable Grant?
Lavenham
10 of 30
How many men were part of the Lavenham resistance?
10,000
11 of 30
1526
Eltham Ordinances introduced
12 of 30
What was the intended purpose of the Eltham Ordinances?
To streamline the Privy Chamber personnel
13 of 30
Why did Wolsey enact the Eltham Ordinances?
Most of the men chosen would be absent, giving him more power over the
14 of 30
When was the Act for the Submission of the Clergy passed and what did it do?
1532 - clergy confirmed royal control over canon law
15 of 30
When was the Act in Restraint of Appeals passed and what did it do?
1533 - stopped Catherine of Argon going to Rome for help in divorce case
16 of 30
When was the Act of Supremacy passed and what did it do?
1534 - acknowledged Henry as head of Church
17 of 30
Why can it be argued that royal supremacy didn't lead to huge changes in Tudor England?
Rome rarely appealed to for legal decisions, Popes had little involvement in day-to-day religious decision-making
18 of 30
Which historian began the idea of a Tudor revolution in government?
Geoffrey Elton
19 of 30
What evidence is there for a constitutional revolution in Tudor government?
Henry became head of church/state, ↑ power over Wales + semi-independent regions
20 of 30
What criticisms exist about the idea of a constitutional revolution in Tudor governemtn?
Crown already influenced church appointments + emergency taxation
21 of 30
What evidence is there for a political revolution in Tudor government?
Move to "King-in-Parliament", ↑ importance of parliament (e.g ore legislation, wider scope of)
22 of 30
What criticisms exist about the idea of a political revolution in Tudor governemtn?
Parliament developed due to need for support for King
23 of 30
What evidence is there for a bureaucratic revolution in Tudor government?
Emergence of Privy Council, King's secretary coordinates (rather than Lord Chancellor), specialised depts
24 of 30
What criticisms exist about the idea of a bureaucratic revolution in Tudor governemtn?
Cromwell's reforms = short term, specialisation had already happened (during Medieval, reduced during Wars of the Roses) govt reflected interests of monarch
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