Group Processes and Social influence 1

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what is another name for majority influence
conformity
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define majority influence
social influence resulting from exposure to the opinions of a majority of the majority or ones group
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what sort of world do we live in
post-truth world
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we have daily exposure to what
stating views and hearing views of others
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the views from others tend to be _____ to our own
similar
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you can be exposed to this deliberately or not deliberately, how?
online algorithims
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this creates a what
echo chamber
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define an echo chamber
metaphorical description of a situation in which our own infomation, ideas and beliefs are repeated back to us. sources often go unquestioned and different or opposing views are censored, disallowed or underrepresented
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we have always preferred ________ over _______
assimilation, accomodation
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there what type of pressure do we have currently have to accomodate and change our beliefs
reduced or non
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what are two possible consequences of this
belief polarisation or belief vulnerabiilty
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what is belief polarisation
when a belief becomes an extreme belief
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what is another name for belief vulnerability
inoculation
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what is belief vulnerability/inoculation
if we are never exposed to opposing views, we are more vulnerable/susceptible to them
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what then becomes a question
how do we know what is majority and what is minority influence
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define pluralistic ignorance
a situation where individuals members of a group have a shared belief but they perceive it not to be
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what is the problem with all the current literature
its all about confliction
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who is a crucial figure of this literature
Solomon Asch
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what were his experiments called
conformity experiments
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Asch's ideas came from who
Sherif
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what were his experiments called
auto-kinetic effect
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what did he found
individuals judgements on ambiguous stimuli fused after or a group judgement shaped an individuals judgment after
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what was this called
social norm formation and transmission
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Define social norms
belief systems about how to behave based on group members and shared expectations
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Did Asch expect people to conform in his experiments or not
not
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why
Because he used an unambiguous stimuli
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Although the stimuli was unambiguous how many people made 1 error
74%
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how many people made 3 or below errors
56%
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how many people completely conformed
none
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what was the average error response rate
1/3
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who automated Asch's experiments
Crutchfield
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what are the 4 reasons why people conform
Group size, Unanimity, Social support, Culture
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what group size is the most influential
3
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what is more influencing, group size or unanimity
Unanimity
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Social support can be ____ or _____
valid or invalid
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give an example of invalid
big glasses, didnt effect
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people from what cultures are more likely to conform
collectivist
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there is different in ____ and ____ people conform
how and why
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name 3 ways people conform
confidently, withdrawn, tension
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give 3 reasons why people conform
distortion of perception, distortion of judgment, distortion of action
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people that suffered from distortion of perception said what
'i said what i saw'
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people that suffered from distortion of judgement said what
'i thought i hadn't listened to part of the task correctly'
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people that suffered from distortion of acton said what
'i knew i was wrong but whatever'
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Marie Jahoda noticed what 3 important features of the Asch experiments
1. every p was effected 2. every p questioned themselves and not the majority 3. every p longed to conform
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who gave a theoretical explanation
Deutsch and Gerard
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the suggest what 2 mechanisms behind conformity
informational social influence and normative social influence
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what is information social influence
use other people are sources for reality
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why would we want that
to make valid and accurate judgements
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what is normative social influence
conforming with others
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why would we want that
positive/harmony/acceptance/approval
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however, Turner saw these distinctions useless and said what influence was important
Referent information influence
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what is referent information influence
wanting to be most like the prototypical candidate
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what is the prototypical candidate
most like in group, least like outgroup
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Card 2

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define majority influence

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social influence resulting from exposure to the opinions of a majority of the majority or ones group

Card 3

Front

what sort of world do we live in

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Card 4

Front

we have daily exposure to what

Back

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Card 5

Front

the views from others tend to be _____ to our own

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