MB1 - Social Thinking Definitions

?
  • Created by: Psych951
  • Created on: 10-05-18 10:26
Compliance
Surface change in behaviour which isn't associated with underlying cognitive changes.
1 of 69
Compliance Techniques
Strategies that manipulate people into complying
2 of 69
Door-in-the-face
Making a large request and expecting rejection, to then make a small request which is likely to be agreed
3 of 69
Foot-in-the-door
Persuading someone to comply with a small request and then asking to do more
4 of 69
Norm of Reciprocity
Expectation that favours will be returned
5 of 69
Lowballing
Increasing the cost of an action someone has already committed to
6 of 69
Obedience
Behaving under the direction of an authority figure/rule
7 of 69
Social Norms
Shared expectations about how others should behave and think
8 of 69
Social Role
Set of norms that characterise how to behave in a certain social position
9 of 69
Role Conflict
The norms for two different social roles clash
10 of 69
Norm Formation
Emergence and influence of often unspoken 'rules' and average thinking and behaviour in a group
11 of 69
Social Facilitation
The presence of others heightens arousal leading to a tendency to act on impulses/dominant responses
12 of 69
Conformity
Adjustment of behaviour and attitudes to a group standard
13 of 69
Normative Social Influence
Conform to majority to gain rewards of acceptance from the group
14 of 69
Informational Social Influence
Conform to majority because you believe have more accurate knowledge
15 of 69
Referent Informational Influence
Conform to members of the group that we identify with more
16 of 69
Subjective Validity
Group agreement gives confidence to your own thoughts
17 of 69
Minority Influence
Less artificial change in the behaviour, aligning with the minority
18 of 69
Social Loafing
Expend less individual effort when working in a group
19 of 69
Collective Effort Model
People put in a =s much effort at they expect is needed to reach the goal
20 of 69
Social Compensation
Working harder in a group than when alone to make up for others low effort
21 of 69
Group Polarisation
Group of like-minded people discuss issues causing the average of each member's opinion to become more extreme
22 of 69
Groupthink
Tendency of a group to suspend critical thinking because they seek agreement
23 of 69
Mind Guards
Members in a group who try to prevent negative information from reaching the rest of the group
24 of 69
Deindividuation
Loss of individuality leading to disinhibited behaviour for/with a group - Responsible as a group not an individual
25 of 69
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
Think out-group members are more similar to one another than members of in-groups
26 of 69
In-Group favouritism
Perceive situations in a way that is favourable to in-groups
27 of 69
Realistic Conflict Theory
Stereotypes are resistant to change because competition for resources fosters stereotypes
28 of 69
Social Identity Theory
Stereotypes are resistant to change because they enhance personal self-esteem
29 of 69
Stereotypes
Mental representations of a whole group
30 of 69
Prejudice
Negative attitudes of someone based on a group they may identify with
31 of 69
Discrimination
Behaviour that reflect prejudice
32 of 69
Explicit Prejudice
Prejudice that is controlled and may be expressed publicly
33 of 69
Implicit Prejudice
Prejudice that arises automatically and are hidden
34 of 69
Equal Status Contact
A way to bring groups together in close contact, with equal status, common goals and recreate norms to reduce prejudice
35 of 69
Shooter Bias
Police have a tendency to perceive black men as being armed more than white men
36 of 69
Norm of Social Responsibility
Should try to contribute to the welfare of society
37 of 69
Altruism
Helping others for the purpose of enhancing their well-being
38 of 69
Egoistic Goals
Helping others to enhance our own welfare
39 of 69
Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis
Altruism is the product of empathy
40 of 69
Diffusion of Responsibility
Process that inhibits individual providing help in the presence of other individuals because they feel others around them are responsible
41 of 69
Social Comparison
Process that inhibits individual providing help in the presence of other individuals because those around them aren't and so the need is not urgent
42 of 69
5 step bystander intervention process
Notice, Emergency, Responsibility, Self-efficacy, Decision
43 of 69
Halo Effect
Attractive people are associated with being more successful, intelligent, kind etc.
44 of 69
Matching Effect
Tend to choose partners with a similar level of attractiveness to ourselves
45 of 69
Social Exchange Theory
Relationships are governed by rewards and costs that are important to the individual
46 of 69
Passionate Love
Intense emotion, arousal and yearning for partner
47 of 69
Companionate Love
Deep caring and affection
48 of 69
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love
Combination of three components (passion, intimacy and commitment) create different types of love and all three create consumate love
49 of 69
Frustration
An interruption of progress towards a goal that may result in aggression
50 of 69
Attribution of Intentionality
Our aggression is mediated by whether we evaluate the source of anger to have intended to cause upset
51 of 69
Catharsis
Freudian theory that aggressive impulses build and so need to be released vicariously or directly regularly to prevent over controlled hostility
52 of 69
Social Psychology
Study of how we react to, view and influence other individuals
53 of 69
Attributions
Judgements about the causes of our own and other's behaviours and outcomes
54 of 69
Personal (internal) vs. situational (external) attributions
Personal says own characteristics cause behaviour and situational says aspects of environment
55 of 69
Fundamental Attribution Error
Underestimate impact of situation and overestimate personal factors when explaining others' behaviour
56 of 69
Self-Serving Bias
Use personal attributions to explain own success and situational for failure
57 of 69
Forming Impressions
Associating a label to someone and making evaluations
58 of 69
Mental Set
Readiness to perceive the world in a particular way
59 of 69
Attitudes
Positive or negative evaluative reactions towards stimulus which guides behaviour and thoughts
60 of 69
Theory of planned behaviour
Intention to behave is stronger when we have a positive attitude of the behaviour, when subjective norms support the behaviour and when we feel in control
61 of 69
Subjective Norms
Our perceptions of what other people think we should do
62 of 69
Cognitive Dissonance
Attitude change occurs because two or more cognitions contradict causing distress
63 of 69
Self-Perception theory
Attitude change occurs because we make inferences about our own attitudes from our behaviour
64 of 69
Self-Concept
Representation of self made up of schemas
65 of 69
Reflected Appraisals Principle
Others' views are incorporated into self-concept
66 of 69
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Identity is formed of ideal, actual and ought to be self
67 of 69
Regulatory Focus Theory
Ideal self has promotional goals and ought self has prevention goals
68 of 69
Self-Esteem
Feelings of self-worth that arise from making evaluations about self
69 of 69

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Strategies that manipulate people into complying

Back

Compliance Techniques

Card 3

Front

Making a large request and expecting rejection, to then make a small request which is likely to be agreed

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Persuading someone to comply with a small request and then asking to do more

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Expectation that favours will be returned

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Visual System resources »