Air may become trapped in joints/cracks on a cliff face. So, when a wave hits the cliff the air in the cracks are compressed which weakens the cliff.
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Abrasion
Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces as if sandpaper.
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Corrosion
Acid (chemicals) contained in sea water will dissolved some types of rock such as chalk or limestone.
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Attrition
Waves smash rocks & pebbles on the shore into each other, causing them to break and become smoother.
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Swash
Movement of waves up the beach.
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Backwash
Movement of waves back down the beach.
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Erosion
The taking away of material from the beach or cliff.
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Transportation
Movement of material carried away with the river or sea.
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Deposition
When the sea loses energy, it drops the sand, rock particles and pebbles it has been carrying.
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Destructive waves
Strong backwash so scours the beach, pulling sand and shingles away and weak swash.
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Constructive waves
Weak backwash and strong swash so waves push material up the beach.
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Hydroshpere
A discontinuous layer of water at or near Earth's surface. It includes all liquid and frozen surface waters, groundwater held in soil and rock, and atmospheric water vapor.
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River source
The place where a river or stream begins.
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River mouth
The point at which a river or stream flows into the sea.
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Tributary
A river or stream that flows into a larger river.
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Confluence
The point at which two rivers meet.
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Watershed
A boundary of high-land beyond which any precipitate will drain into surrounding basins.
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Drainage basin
An area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.
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Climate
The average weather conditions, what you would expect.
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Weather
The condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place.
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Grassland Characteristics
Broad grass with few trees,
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Savannah Woodland Characteristics
Tropical grasslands with few trees.
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Afforestation
The replanting of trees in previously cleared areas.
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Throughflow
Water flows horizontally through the soil into the river.
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Percolation
Water flows vertically through the soil and rocks.
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Infiltration
Water seeps into the ground.
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Groundwater flow
Water flows horizontally through the rock into the river.
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Surface runoff
Water flows horizontally over the land into the river.
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Innterception
Water is stored on leaves and branches of vegetation.
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Transpiration
Water vapour is released through the stomata in leaves.
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Evaporation
Water turns from water droplets into water vapour.
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Solution
Minerals from rocks are dissolved in the water.
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Suspension
Small particles are carried in water e.g. clays which makes the water look cloudy.
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Saltation
Material bounces along the bottom of the river bed so is carried up the river.
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Traction
The largest material is dragged along the bed of the river.
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Meanders
Large wide bends in rivers.
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Delta
A landform that forms at the mouth of a river, where the river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, or reservoir. Deltas form from deposition of sediment carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces as if sandpaper.
Back
Abrasion
Card 3
Front
Acid (chemicals) contained in sea water will dissolved some types of rock such as chalk or limestone.
Back
Card 4
Front
Waves smash rocks & pebbles on the shore into each other, causing them to break and become smoother.
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