Geography: Year 10 Term 2: London Case Study - Challenges

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Define 'urban decline' (2)
The deterioration of the inner city caused by lack of investment and maintenance
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Urban decline leads to ... . (3)
Decline in population, Decreasing economic performance, Unemployment
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Define 'urban deprivation' (2)
A standard of living below that of the majority in a society with lack of access to resources
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Which aspects of London make life difficult for those in urban deprivation? (2)
Many things are expensive, especially rent
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What factors can cause industrial decline, causing urban decline? (3)
Competition from abroad, New technology, Resource depletio
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How is population distributed across the UK? (2)
Unevenly, Less pop. density further north
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What does the high pop. density in London/SE result in? (2)
Housing shortages, High prices
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What makes this problem worse? (3)
More people living alone, Higher life expectancy, Immigration
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Define 'greenbelt' (3)
Open land (farmland, woodland, open areas) surrounding urban areas protected from building
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Define 'greenfield' (1)
Land not previously built on
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Define 'brownfield' (1)
Land previously built on
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What are the advantages of building on greenfield sites? (7)
Cheaper as no clearing, No roads to restrict, Land cheaper, Blank canvas, More space for gardens, City-country attracts people, Close to major roads if on city edge
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What are the advantages of building on brownfield sites? (6)
Sustainable, Stops countryside loss, Reduces journey times, Preexisting roads/electricity/gas, Planning permission easier to gain, Closer to CBD
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London plans to build ... homes on ... brownfield sites. (2)
50,000, 20
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How many hectares of brownfield with no planned development exist in London? (1)
250
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The edges of cities are known as what? (1)
The rural-urban fringe
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Define 'urban sprawl' (2)
The growth outwards of cities into the rural-urban fringe
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What effects does the urban sprawl have? (5)
Extra cost in tax for development, Increased traffic, Health issues due to pollution, Habitat loss, Isolation as live further from neighbours
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Incomes in London are ... than any other UK region. (1)
More unequal
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What % of Londoners are in the poorest and richest 10% nationally?
16% poorest, 17% richest
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London's richest 10% own what % of asset wealth? (1)
60%
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The top 10% of employees earn how much more than the bottom 10%? (1)
4.5x
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How much of their weekly pay do renting Londoners pay in rent? (1)
Over 50%
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Schools in the poorest areas ... . (2)
Are the fastest improving but have low GCSE point scores
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Those in wealthy areas live ... lives than those in poorer areas. (2)
Longer, Healthier
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What was the 2011 employment rate in London vs the UK average? (1)
67.5% vs 70.3%
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Why does London suffer from air pollution? (3)
Massive size of city, Dense road network, High buildings
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What pollution standards has London failed to meet? (1)
Those set by the EU
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What 3 pollutants does London have the most issues with? (3)
Ozone gas, Particulate matter, Nitrogen dioxide
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Where do each of these come from? (3)
Ozone from sunlight reaction with pollutants from industry, Particulate matter from CO2 car emissions/industry, Nitrogen dioxide from burning fossil fuels
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What problems can these pollutants cause? (3)
Ozone is a poison to humans, Pariculate matter settles in the airways, Nitrogen dioxide causes respiratory issues
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How is London dealing with the pollution problem? (5)
App informing people of air quality, Reducing bus pollution, Congestion charge, Tighter Low Emission Zone standards, Investing in cycling
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Which methods does London use to dispose of waste? (3)
Recycling, Landfill, Energy recovery (burning to produce electricity)
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The management strategy aims to... (3)
Send no waste to landfill by 2025, Reduce household waste by 20% by 2031, Increase capacity to reuse/repair waste
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The management strategy also aims to... (3)
Reuse/compost at least 45% by 2015, Cut greenhouse gas emissions via waste management, Be carbon-neutral when recycling 40% waste by 2031
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Urban decline leads to ... . (3)

Back

Decline in population, Decreasing economic performance, Unemployment

Card 3

Front

Define 'urban deprivation' (2)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Which aspects of London make life difficult for those in urban deprivation? (2)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What factors can cause industrial decline, causing urban decline? (3)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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