Experimental Methods and Control of Variables

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Define Hypothesis
A statement, stating the relationship between the two variables.
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Define Aims
A general statement, stating the purpose of the study
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When should you use a non-directional hypothesis?
When previous research is contradictory
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What is a non-directional hypothesis?
States the difference between two variables
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What is a directional hypothesis?
A hypothesis that states the relationship between the two variables
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When should you use a directional hypothesis?
When previous research suggests a particular outcome
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Define Extraneous Variables
"Nusance variables". any variable other than the IV that has an effect upon the DV, effecting direct cause and effect.
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Define Confounding Variables
Any variable other than the IV that HAS HAD an effect upon the DV
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Define Investigator Effects
The investigators effects upon the research
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Define Demand Characteristics
A clue from the research which reveals the purpose of the study to the participants. This effects their reactivity
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What is Randomisation and Standardisation
Randomisation = the use of chance to control bias. Standardisation = formalised procedures and instructions for all participants.
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What is operationalisation?
Clearly defining the variables, in terms of how they are measured.
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Card 2

Front

Define Aims

Back

A general statement, stating the purpose of the study

Card 3

Front

When should you use a non-directional hypothesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a non-directional hypothesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a directional hypothesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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