Research Methods Summary

Controlling Variables                                                Non-Experimental Methods

• Standardisation                                                               - Methods of Self-report
• Counterbalancing                                                            - Questionnaires
• Randomisation                                                                - Interviews- Structured and Unstructured

Types of Experiment                                         Open Questions

• Laboratory                                                                       - No restricted response
• Field                                                                                - Qualitative
• Quasi

Experimental Designs                                      Closed Questions

• Two Conditions- Experimental and Control                     - Yes/no Response
• Repeated/related                                                            - Rating Scale
• Independent                                                                    - Multiple Choice
• Matched Pairs                                                                 -Quantitative Data

Pilot Studies

• Small scale, trial study
• Ceiling and floor effects

Observational Studies- Recording

• Scoring System
• Check list
• Tally
• Notes
• Video recording

Observing Methods

• Laboratory and Natural Setting
• Covert and Overt Observation
• Participant and Non-participants

Correlation

• Positive- Co-efficient +1
• Negative- Co-efficient -1
• Zero- Co-efficient O

Sampling

•  Random
• Systematic
• Stratified
• Opportunity