English Language - Child Acquisition

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  • Created by: kaylajo
  • Created on: 07-01-19 13:14
What goes on an introduction in spoken language?
Ages and stages. Impact of physical context.
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What are the pre-verbal stages?
Vegative. Cooing. Babbling. Proto-words
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Vegetative Stage
Sounds of discomfort. 0-4 months
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Cooing
Comfort sounds. Vocal Play. 4-7 months
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Babbling
Extended sounds resembling syllables. 6-12 months
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Proto-words
Words that have a meaning without sounding like a real word
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What are the lexical and grammaical stages of development
Holophrastic. Two word stage. Telegraphic. Post-telegraphic.
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Holophrastic
One word utterances.
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Telegraphic
Three and more words combined
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Chomsky and the LAD.
Language is pre programmed with the ability to acquire grammatical structures
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What is cruttendens football score theory?
Children under 7 cannot interpret intonation and what it shows.
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Plosives
Created when the airflow is blocked for a brief time.
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Fricatives
Air moves through the miuth in a steady stream.
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Affricates
Plosives and Fricatives together
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Approximants
W, R, J
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Nasels
M, N
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Grunwells sequence
Plosives are acquired under 30 months. Fricatives come in at 36 months and Affricates at 42.
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Deletion
Omitting the final consonant in words
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substitution
substituting one sound for another
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Addtion
Adding on an extra vowel sound. Creates CVCV pattern
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Assimilation
Changing one consonant or vowel for another
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Reduplication
Repeating a whole syllable.
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Crystal's singing function
Using language for it's own sake.
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Halliday's functions
Instrumental. Regulatory. Heuristic. Imaginative. Personal. Interactioanal. representational
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Dore's Language functions
Labelling. Repeating. Answering. Requesting Action. Calling. Greeting. Protesting. Practising
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Garvey's theory
Children adopt roles and identities whilst playing.
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Sociodramatic play
Playing out scenarios that happen in the real world
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Thompson (1999)
Girls ask adults for help whilst playing.
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Sachs (1987)
Boys use simple imperatives whereas girls use language to involve the other child
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Sheldon (1990)
Girls negotiatie in play disputes. Boys make threats
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Killen and Naigles (1995)
Children use less gender stereotypes language in mixed-sex groups
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What are the benefits of CDS
Teaches childrne the basic function and structure of language
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Fatherese
Men yse a direct questioning style and seek more information than women
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What did Alison Clarke-Stewart find?
Children had a larger vocabulary if their mothers talk to them alot
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Bruner's LASS
Ritualised actvities make actions and language predicatble
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Object premanence
Children know an object exists even out of sight.
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Scaffolding
Bruner's theory that adults help children learn cogitively
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Nelson (1973) Four categories for first words
Naming. Actions. Describing. Social words
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Overextension
Linking objects with similiar qualities
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Rescorla (1980) Three main types of overextension
Categorical. Analogical. Statements
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Categorical overextension
One member of a category is extended to other members of that category
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Analogical overextension
One member of a category is extended to another object from another category that bear some similarities
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Statements
One word sentences. Making a statement about an object in relation to another object
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Mismatch
Word has no semantic resembelance to the thing being described
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Aitchison's stages of childrens liguistic development
Labelling. Packaging. Networking
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Labelling stage
Linking objects to which they refer
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Packaging stage
Exploring the labels and to what they can apply. Extension occurs to learn
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Networking stage
Understanding similarities and opposites in the meaning of words
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Piaget's cognitive theory
Children actively learn through their enviroment and social interactions
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Piaget's stages of children's linguistic development
Sensorimotor. Preoperational. Concrete operational. Formal operational
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Sensorimotor stage
Up to 2. Experiences physical world through senses. Object permenance develops
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Preoperational stage
2-7. Language and motor skills become more developed
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concrete operational stage
7-11.Children begin to thing logically about concrete operational events
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Formal operational
11+. Absrtact reasoning skills develop
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Eve Clarks theory
Common adjectives are acquired early. Spatial adjectives are required later on
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Bellugi's negative stage 1
child uses 'No' or 'Not' at the beginning of a sentence
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Negative stage 2
'No' or 'Not' go inside the sentence
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Negative stage 3
Attaches negative to auxiliary verbs
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Free morpheme
single unit
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Bound morpheme
Added to a free morpheme. eg. a tense
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Inflectional suffix
Tense and number
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Copula verb
links a subject and a complement
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Overgeneralisation
Applying a grammatical rule incorrectly or generally
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the pre-verbal stages?

Back

Vegative. Cooing. Babbling. Proto-words

Card 3

Front

Vegetative Stage

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Cooing

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Babbling

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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