demand for foods and goods and high levels of inflation
3 of 36
What also caused inflation?
The debasement of coinage eg. 1544, 1547, 1546
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when did prices double?
1520-1550
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Give 3 dates of Harvest failure
1548, 1555, 1556
6 of 36
Give 3 ways harvest failures impacted the economy and society
Led ti widespread hunger, loss of income, and contributed to increased prices
7 of 36
When were the Sweating Sickness epidemics?
1557 and 1558
8 of 36
Name the stat about the sweating sickness in relation to the Black death
the sweating sickness epidemics of 1557 and 1558 resulted in the highest annual death toll since the black death
9 of 36
How much of a fall in the population did it cause?
a 6% fall
10 of 36
Name 3 impacts caused by the sweating sickness
widespread hardship, loss of income for many families, local food shortages, increased poverty, vagrancy and social discontent
11 of 36
Provide evidence to how the decline in the wool trade continued after the Antwerp crash 1551
both merchants and sheep farmers as they faced a sharp fall in the price of wool
12 of 36
Name the 2 Polices Mary's gove did to manage these problems
Enforcing laws against grain hoarding, Encouraging people to grow crops rather than graze animals on farmland
13 of 36
But were these a success?
No they were ineffective
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Was Marys regime apart of a mid-tudor crisis?
Socio-economic crisis for ordinary people as food shortages, decline in living standards caused by things like the Antwerp crash, Sweating sickness, rural labourers particularly affected
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How the issues in society effected Mary's authority as Queen
...
16 of 36
What were monarchs expected to do in this time?
focus on security, patronage, law and order rather than detailed social policy
17 of 36
Why did the crisis severly damage Mary's reputation?
Some viewed it as evidence of England losing God's favor and protestants saw it as the punishment for the counter-reformation
18 of 36
Marian Domestic policies (also use for Finacial reforms)
.....
19 of 36
What 2 financial administrations retained their services?
William Paulet and the Lord treasurer Walter Midway
20 of 36
What were the changes implemented by midway based in?
The commission he took part in that was set up by Northumberland
21 of 36
What was introduced that modernized the setting of Custom revenues?
A new book of Rates
22 of 36
What did the new book of rates increase the crown's income by in just 1 year?
200%
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What does this show continuity with?
first new book of rates since Henry VII reign
24 of 36
What did the Court of Exchequer take over?
the court of First Fruit and Tenths and the Court of Augmentations
25 of 36
What 2 things did Marys' council devise plans for?
recoinage and ways to support rade after the loss of Calais
26 of 36
Why are these 2 things often overlooked as achievements in Marys's Gov?
implemented by Elizabeth
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What did Mary cut the general expenditure of?
Royal court
28 of 36
What did Mary see the increase in revenue from?
Crown lands
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What relatively minor debt did Mary leave?
£227,000 (slightly less than what Edward left)
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why was this seen as a success?
inherited a debt off Edward and war with France
31 of 36
Judgment
....
32 of 36
What was the success of the reforms largely due to? (showing continuity with Henry VII)?
the success of Cromwell's reform Gov
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What were the changes she made?
minor
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What did Mary encourage after the loss of Calasis?
the development of trade and her government helped merchants find new outlets for exports
35 of 36
What do defenders of mary's reputation believe?
Many of Elizabeth's success policies owe their origin to Elizabeths gov
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