Crime and Law
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- Created by: Isla McCallum
- Created on: 03-05-22 11:51
Males more likely to commit crime
almost all violent crime is committed by men, they outnumber women
almost all violent crime is committed by men, they outnumber women
70% of crime committed by men
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People in poverty more likely to commit crime
Deprived areas have higher crime rates, vast majority of prisoners in Scotland from poor backgrounds. This can be due to alcohol, drugs, accommodation or lack of support/opportunities
Deprived areas have higher crime rates, vast majority of prisoners in Scotland from poor backgrounds. This can be due to alcohol, drugs, accommodation or lack of support/opportunities
80% crime recorded in deprived areas London 2020
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Social Factors
ACES
Abusive environment that children have been brought up in had effect on healthy brain development, leading to criminal behaviours
Education
Poorer people leaving school early with no qualifications have less opportunities and in order
ACES
Abusive environment that children have been brought up in had effect on healthy brain development, leading to criminal behaviours
Education
Poorer people leaving school early with no qualifications have less opportunities and in order
45% adult prisoners in survey said they had been abused at home as child
Stats in England show crime rates lower in areas with higher levels of education
Stats in England show crime rates lower in areas with higher levels of education
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Economic Factors
Greed
People want more as they cant get enough
Poverty
People in poverty have lack of ways to get money so crime is only option
Greed
People want more as they cant get enough
Poverty
People in poverty have lack of ways to get money so crime is only option
White collar crime, non violent, includes fraud and money laundering by businesses for financial gain
Most stolen items in poorer areas are bread, milk and nappies
Most stolen items in poorer areas are bread, milk and nappies
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Biological Factors
Hormones
Changes to body, bad behaviour is linked to rise in hormones
Mental disorders
Poor brain functioning in childhood can increase likelihood of criminal behaviour
Hormones
Changes to body, bad behaviour is linked to rise in hormones
Mental disorders
Poor brain functioning in childhood can increase likelihood of criminal behaviour
Male prisoners are more likely to have higher testosterone levels
Amygdala is part of brain involved in fear and aggression
Amygdala is part of brain involved in fear and aggression
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Consequence on perpetrator
Loss of contact with family/friends
Cant see them as much as in prison or away from them
Lack of work opportunities
Struggle to get job and become unemployed, employers don't take you on if you have criminal record
Loss of contact with family/friends
Cant see them as much as in prison or away from them
Lack of work opportunities
Struggle to get job and become unemployed, employers don't take you on if you have criminal record
Only seeing partner once a week
7/10 employers wont take you on
7/10 employers wont take you on
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Consequence on victim
Fear and PTSD
Might be scared to go about daily life, fearful could happen again
Economically
Having security put in to feel safer/secure
Fear and PTSD
Might be scared to go about daily life, fearful could happen again
Economically
Having security put in to feel safer/secure
not leaving the house- recluse
Having alarm systems fitted, RING cameras
Having alarm systems fitted, RING cameras
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Consequence on families
Emotional distress
Families experience a feeling of loss when a loved one in prison
Financial strain
Costly visits/phone calls and one in prison could be one who brings in money
Emotional distress
Families experience a feeling of loss when a loved one in prison
Financial strain
Costly visits/phone calls and one in prison could be one who brings in money
Missing out on birthdays/events
2/3 families said debts increased when one in prison
2/3 families said debts increased when one in prison
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Consequence on community/wider society
People move away
Area not attractive anymore to people because of crime
Loss of jobs
Places will shut down because of crime levels in area, could be theft
People move away
Area not attractive anymore to people because of crime
Loss of jobs
Places will shut down because of crime levels in area, could be theft
Moving away in order to stay safe
Could lead to more crime/poverty
Could lead to more crime/poverty
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Structure/power of criminal courts
Justice of peace
Deals with less serious offences, always summary procedure
High court
Deals with most serious offences, always solemn procedure, has jurisdiction over whole of Scotland
Justice of peace
Deals with less serious offences, always summary procedure
High court
Deals with most serious offences, always solemn procedure, has jurisdiction over whole of Scotland
Fines up to £2,500
Unlimited fines/sentences
Unlimited fines/sentences
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Role of crime courts
Justice of peace
Less serious offences, crimes in local community
High court
Most serious offences, jurisdiction over whole of Scotland
Justice of peace
Less serious offences, crimes in local community
High court
Most serious offences, jurisdiction over whole of Scotland
Breach of peace or speeding
Murder/ rpe
Murder/ rpe
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Criminal courts effective
Prevents Crime
People fear for justice system, scared of consequences
Provides justice to victim/family
Being locked up punishes criminal, whilst keeping people safe and gives sense of relief to victim/family
Prevents Crime
People fear for justice system, scared of consequences
Provides justice to victim/family
Being locked up punishes criminal, whilst keeping people safe and gives sense of relief to victim/family
High court can give unlimited fines/sentences
Aaron Campbell jailed for life after murder of Alesha Macphail
Aaron Campbell jailed for life after murder of Alesha Macphail
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Criminal courts ineffective
Reoffending rates are high
People reoffend, often this is because they weren't given the right sentence in the first place
Violent crimes are increasing, punishments haven't worked for criminals
Reoffending rates are high
People reoffend, often this is because they weren't given the right sentence in the first place
Violent crimes are increasing, punishments haven't worked for criminals
James Wright who had previous knife convictions, stabbed a father of 3 in paisley
Violent crimes- non sexual increased by 16% from 2018/19 to 2019/20
Violent crimes- non sexual increased by 16% from 2018/19 to 2019/20
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GOV responses to crime
NKBL no knifes better life's aims to deter young people from carrying knife and highlights danger/consequences
VRU violence reduction unit aims to prevent and educate about violence
NKBL no knifes better life's aims to deter young people from carrying knife and highlights danger/consequences
VRU violence reduction unit aims to prevent and educate about violence
2018/19 police in London and other English cities looking to learn from Scotland success
Murder rates dropped by 60% in 10 years Glasgow
Murder rates dropped by 60% in 10 years Glasgow
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GOV responses effective
Scotland influencing other cities, our success having effective impact on others
Crime rates dropping, preventing is helping to reduce crime rates
Scotland influencing other cities, our success having effective impact on others
Crime rates dropping, preventing is helping to reduce crime rates
2018/19 police in London and other English cities looking to learn from Scotland success
Murder rates dropped by 60% in 10 years Glasgow
Murder rates dropped by 60% in 10 years Glasgow
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GOV responses ineffective
Still problem with knife crime
NKBL has not worked as effectively as it should have
A lot of assaults still committed under the influence, alcohol laws not worked
Still problem with knife crime
NKBL has not worked as effectively as it should have
A lot of assaults still committed under the influence, alcohol laws not worked
James Wright who had previous knife convictions, stabbed father of 3 in Paisley
2/3 assaults committed under influence
2/3 assaults committed under influence
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Role of police
Prevent, see how crimes happened in first place and changing it
Protect, protecting public against crime
Prevent, see how crimes happened in first place and changing it
Protect, protecting public against crime
Scotland over 3000 CCTV cameras
Twitter online campaign
"take 5 to stop fraud"
Twitter online campaign
"take 5 to stop fraud"
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Structure of police
Local policing, works with local community, identifies problems and solves, success depends on getting to know public
Specialist Crime Division, provides specialist investigative and intelligent roles when serious crimes take place or
Local policing, works with local community, identifies problems and solves, success depends on getting to know public
Specialist Crime Division, provides specialist investigative and intelligent roles when serious crimes take place or
Patrol streets/stop and search
Located throughout Scotland, responsible for leading all murder inquires
Located throughout Scotland, responsible for leading all murder inquires
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Power of police
Detain and arrest, if caught in act of committing crime or running away
Stop and search, if caught carrying illegal substance/weapons or stolen goods
Detain and arrest, if caught in act of committing crime or running away
Stop and search, if caught carrying illegal substance/weapons or stolen goods
Stealing from a shop
Being stopped in streets
Being stopped in streets
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Purpose of prison
Rehabilitation, deals with why in prison and gives chance to reform
Keep others safe, locking away dangerous criminals, cant harm others
Rehabilitation, deals with why in prison and gives chance to reform
Keep others safe, locking away dangerous criminals, cant harm others
Gain job skills, hairdressing
Aaron Campbell jailed for life after murdering Alesha Macphail, 6 yrs
Aaron Campbell jailed for life after murdering Alesha Macphail, 6 yrs
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Prisons effective
Prevents, public know those who hurt others cant commit again, put in safe place
Deters, people decide against committing crime because of consequences
Prevents, public know those who hurt others cant commit again, put in safe place
Deters, people decide against committing crime because of consequences
Man found guilty of killing MP Jo Cox serves life imprisonment
In Canada the no of people decreased but crime levels increased, they had nothing to fear from justice system
In Canada the no of people decreased but crime levels increased, they had nothing to fear from justice system
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Prisons ineffective
Costly, Gov has to spend large amounts on running prisons, money could be used elsewhere
Detrimental to families, they can suffer emotionally, financially, socially when member of family in prison
Costly, Gov has to spend large amounts on running prisons, money could be used elsewhere
Detrimental to families, they can suffer emotionally, financially, socially when member of family in prison
Average cost keep 1 person in prisons for 1yr £35,000
2/3 families said debts increased when one in prison
2/3 families said debts increased when one in prison
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Alternatives to prison
Fines, financial payment made to court
Community Payback Order, designed so offenders can give something back
Fines, financial payment made to court
Community Payback Order, designed so offenders can give something back
Breaking law in pandemic
Mark Mclean faced CPO after assaulting shop keeper
Mark Mclean faced CPO after assaulting shop keeper
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FOR Alternatives
Addresses reoffending rate, community sentences are more effective than short term sentences
Cheaper than prison, prison costs a lot, if community sentences work better its effective by saving money and reducing crime
Addresses reoffending rate, community sentences are more effective than short term sentences
Cheaper than prison, prison costs a lot, if community sentences work better its effective by saving money and reducing crime
Ban on short term sentences (30% reduction rate)
£35,000 keep 1 person in prison for 1 yea
£35,000 keep 1 person in prison for 1 yea
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AGAINST Alternatives
CPO leaves people free to commit crime, once done work can just leave
Tags can be broken, aren't permanent, can be broken off
CPO leaves people free to commit crime, once done work can just leave
Tags can be broken, aren't permanent, can be broken off
Mark Mclean committed racist assault whilst on CPO
James Wright murdered on a Home Detention Curfew
James Wright murdered on a Home Detention Curfew
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
People in poverty more likely to commit crime
Deprived areas have higher crime rates, vast majority of prisoners in Scotland from poor backgrounds. This can be due to alcohol, drugs, accommodation or lack of support/opportunities
Deprived areas have higher crime rates, vast majority of prisoners in Scotland from poor backgrounds. This can be due to alcohol, drugs, accommodation or lack of support/opportunities
Back
80% crime recorded in deprived areas London 2020
Card 3
Front
Social Factors
ACES
Abusive environment that children have been brought up in had effect on healthy brain development, leading to criminal behaviours
Education
Poorer people leaving school early with no qualifications have less opportunities and in order
ACES
Abusive environment that children have been brought up in had effect on healthy brain development, leading to criminal behaviours
Education
Poorer people leaving school early with no qualifications have less opportunities and in order
Back
Card 4
Front
Economic Factors
Greed
People want more as they cant get enough
Poverty
People in poverty have lack of ways to get money so crime is only option
Greed
People want more as they cant get enough
Poverty
People in poverty have lack of ways to get money so crime is only option
Back
Card 5
Front
Biological Factors
Hormones
Changes to body, bad behaviour is linked to rise in hormones
Mental disorders
Poor brain functioning in childhood can increase likelihood of criminal behaviour
Hormones
Changes to body, bad behaviour is linked to rise in hormones
Mental disorders
Poor brain functioning in childhood can increase likelihood of criminal behaviour
Back
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