The transmission of a message from one person to another.
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Phoneme
A unit of language that distinguishes one word from another, e.g the letters d,p,t, in the words bad, pad, tap.
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Morpheme
A unit of language that cannot be further divided, e.g prefixes and suffixes.
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Babbling
Talking rapidly and continuously in an incomprehensible way.
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Receptive Language
The ability to understand words and language.
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Productive Language
The ability to speak and write words and language.
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One-word Stage
The communication stage in which children speak in mainly single words (ages 1-2).
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Two-word Stage
The communication stage in which children start using two-word sentences (ages 2-2 and a half)
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Innate Learning
Learning which derives from genetic ability.
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Persuasive Communication
Communication which attempts to convince others to change their attitudes or behaviours regarding an issue.
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Central Route
A route to persuasion which is based on the content of the message. This route is more likely to have increased resistance, however also last longer.
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Peripheral Route
A route to persuasion which is based on cues rather than content of the message. This route is more likely to have decreased resistance, however last less time.
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Noam Chomsky ( 1959)
A psychologist who believed the ability to develop a signed or spoken language is generally programmed into individuals.
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Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
A hypothetical tool in the brain, theorised by Chomsky, which allows children to quickly learn and understand language.
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Criticisms of Chomsky
There is a lack of scientific evidence to support his theory. Bruner would argue that early social interaction has more influence than suggested by Chomsky. Chomsky did not account for children who experience delayed language development.
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Universal Grammar
The theory that the human ability to learn language is innate.
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Jerome Bruner
A psychologist who believed that language is acquired through interaction with adults.
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Language Acquisition Support System (LASS)
Theorised by Bruner. The process in which adults and older children help young children to acquire language.
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Motherese
A simplified form of language used (especially by mothers) when speaking to babies and young children.
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Scaffolding
Demonstrating how to solve a problem, then stepping back and offering support as needed.
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Expansion
Taking what a child says, and adding grammar and semantics to turn it into a comparable adult sentence. The point is to keep the communication flowing smoothly, while not making the child realise that he is being corrected.
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Recasting
A technique used to add or correct information, without interrupting the flow of conversation. Includes expansion and extension.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Phoneme
Back
A unit of language that distinguishes one word from another, e.g the letters d,p,t, in the words bad, pad, tap.
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