G protein linked receptors that have a seven trans membrane helix motif.
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Where are G proteins located?
intracellular side of the plasma membrane
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What do G proteins do?
function as a link between the G protein linked receptors and other proteins in the plasma membrane called effectors-ion channels or amplifier enzymes.
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What is the structure of G protein linked receptors?
seven transmembrane regions of 22-24 amino acids forming the hydrophobic alpha helices that span the plasma membrane. N terminal end is on the exterior face of the plasma membrane but the C terminal end is on the inside.
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What are heterotrimeric G proteins?
three subunits of different sizes, alpha beta and gamma. They form at least 20 different a subunits, b subunit, and 13g subunits.
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What do heterotrimeric G proteins do?
mediate the interaction between the activated receptor and other target proteins in the plasma membrane called effectors.
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What is an oncogene?
gene that causes proliferation and growth.
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What are second messengers?
intracellular messengers which are triggered by first messenger activating G protein. This G protein then activates an amplifier enzyme/effector which then amplifies the enzyme to activate the second messenger production.
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What do Stimulatory G proteins do?
activate the amplifier enzyme.
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What do Inhibitory G proteins do?
inhibit the amplifier enzyme.
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What does cAMP activate?
Protein Kinase A.
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What does cGMP activate?
Protein Kinase G
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How is the release of calcium ions stimulated?
Inositol triphosphate is the product of phosphatidylinositol-4,5 biphosphate hydrolysis by phospholipase. this stimulates the release
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