Bitumen, Fuel oil, Diesel oil, Kerosene, Liquefied Petroleum Gas
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What is the use of Bitumen?
Tar (Roads)- It's residue from the process
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What is the use of Fuel oil?
Fuelling Ships + Power Startions
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What is the use of Diesel oil?
Fuelling Cars, Lorries + Buses
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What is the use of Kerosene?
Fuelling Aircraft
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What is the use of Gasoline (Petrol)?
Fuelling Cars
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What is the use of Refinery gas?
Bottles gas
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What does Burning Hydrocarbons Produce?
CO2+ H2O
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Why burn AlkAnes? and Examples:
Reaction Release Huge amounts of Energy. E.g. Light, Kinetic, Sound, Chemical
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Why do AlkAnes React when they are Burned and what is the problem caused?
O2 present in the air= pollution
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What is the Test for AlkEnes?
Add Bromine water to the test tubes with the AlkAne and the AlkEne . 2. Shake 3. Alkene will turn colourles as it has a double bond- This confirm the presence of AlkEne. 4. The AlkAne will stay Orange- doesn't have a double bond (sAturAted)
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What is Crude oil?
Mixture of different hydrocarbon(Carbon atom+Hydrogen) compounds small+large
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What is a Hydrocarbon?
Molecules
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What is COMPLETE Combustion?
1. Excess O2 3. ALWAYS Produce CO2+H2O + Heat Energy
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What is Incomplete Combustion?
1. Shortage of O2 2. ALWAYS Produce CO+H2O
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Why is CO from incomplete combustion dangerous?
It's a dangerous gas because it's 1. Colourless 2. Tasteless 3. No Odour.
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What is the problem with complete and incomplete combustion?
They Both create Pollution. Complete combustion releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and creates global warming.
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What reaction is Combustion?
ExoThermic
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What is Cracking
Breaks down Large Hydrocarbon Molecules within Crude oil. They make it smaller so it can meet the demand.
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What is the process of cracking
In a Cracker, heavy hydrocarbons in fractions from Crude oil are heated + vaporised. 2. Vapour- Mixed in with steam or passed to a catalyst (500 degrees) 3, Heat high temp.- thermal decomposition 4. Large molecules into small + useful
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What is the word equation for cracking?
-
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What is fractional distillation?
Seperate Mixtures of different Liquids e.g. Crude oil.
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What is the process for fractional distillation?
1. Oil Heated in Furnace+ vaporised= gas. 2. Enters Bottom Fractional Column- Temperature gradient Bottom= Hot Top= Cool. Long Hydrocarbons- high boiling point= Condense at bottom Short hydrocarbon- low boiling point= condense at Top.Result=Seperate
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